Internet

• Local Area Networks (LAN): Computers and

  resources connected together to share resources.
• Wide Area Network (WAN) - A network of computers and resources over a larger area.
• Internet: International Network, Shared resources worldwide, Files, e-mail, web

  pages … “Information Highway”
• World Wide Web (WWW): Browse web pages on servers located on Internet EXPLORER, NETSCAPE, …. And FIREFOX
• Computer networking: the practice of interfacing two or more computing devices to share data. Computer networks are built with a combination of hardware and software.
• Local area networks (LANs), for example, typically span a single home, school, or small office building, whereas wide area networks (WANs), reach across cities, states, or even the entire world. The internet is the world's largest public WAN.
• The two basic forms of network design are called client-server and peer-to-peer.
• Client-server networks - centralized server computers that store email, web pages, files, and applications accessed by client computers and other client devices.
•  peer-to-peer network, conversely, all devices tend to support the same functions. Client-server networks are common in business, and peer-to-peer networks are common in homes.
• Network topology: defines the network layout or structure from the point of view of data flow.
• Bus topology = a network where everything is connected to one single cable called plus
•  star topology = a network where all the computers connect with the help of a hub. Everyone has their own cable.
• ring topology = each device on the network is connected to two other devices, forming a “ring.”
• mesh topology= all computer networks are connected. 
• The internet is the world's largest public WAN.
• IP Address: A unique number assigned to each device on a network and connects with other devices
• URL: a unique address for a web page or other resource on the internet
• Network: A group of computers connected to share data and resources.
• What is the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web?

  The Internet is a group of computers connected to share data while the World Wide Web is one of the ways information is shared on the internet. The Web is part of the internet’s rules for communicating and uses the internet-specific language protocol
• What is the difference between a wireless and a wired network?

  A wired network is any physical medium made up of cables. A wired network employs wires to link to a device or another internet. Wireless networks are no physical cable attachment needed, many more devices can use the network, and the distance between devices isn't usually considered. 
• What is the difference between a modem, router and a switch?

  Modem- the modem provides the bridge between your home network and the ISP’s network, allowing you to access the internet. Router- It takes data from the modem and routes it to the devices connected to your network. Switch-  expands the capability of a router by providing additional ports.
• TCP: Transmission Control Protocol - a protocol that ensures data is sent in the correct order and is error-free
• Trans Canada Highway: a system of roads that connects the provinces and territories of Canada, allowing travelers to access different places around our country.
•  Internet service provider (ISP) : an organization that provides many different services for accessing, using, or participating in the Internet.
• Data: raw, unprocessed information such as numbers, characters, or symbols.
• information: is data that has been processed so that it can be understood and used in decision-making.
• Information technology (IT) is a broad term that covers many different components. It is the use of technologies to process and distribute information and manage information among people and machines.
• an infrastructure: a structural foundation that enables the technologies to work.
• ln 1983, a Web browser called NCSA Mosaic was developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications and distributed for free to the public.
• Tim Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web in the early 1980s at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland.
• Web browser: a program that will interpret hypertext documents on the Web and display them on screen.
• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): a web authoring language.
• URLs (universal resource locators): A unique address to identify a web page.
• The underlying structure of the Internet is a set of backbone connections and routing tools that control the way pieces of data find their way to their destinations.
• Hyperlinks: A link to another web page or document that appears in the form of a clickable button.
• • Computers can post a threat by allowing the outside world into our homes and offices through our modems
• • Your computer can provide a trail of information that is stored on a hard drive through email, Internet browser histories, word-processed documents and other files
• Firewalls: software that prevents other computer users or hackers from gaining access to the information on your computer while you are online.
•  biometric: a measurable physical characteristic that can be used to measure a person’s identity
• Identity theft: stealing another person’s identity in order to commit crimes