MIDTERM

• What refers to the scientific study of living organisms and their relationship with the environment?

  Ecology
• Who first used the word "Ecology"?

  Ernest Haeckel in 1866
• Oikos: Greek word means house
• Logos: means study of
• This literally means "study of nature's household", what is it?

  Ecology
• Ecosystem are either?

  Land-based (Terrestrial) or Water-based (aquatic)
• What is the basic functional unit on the environment?

  Ecosystem
• What is the basic functional unit on the environment?

  Ecosystem
• What are the two components of ecosystem?

  Biotic (living) and Abiotic
• Produces: organisms able to manufacture organic matter from inorganic substances in their environment from the producer sub-system.
• Photo autotrophs: different species of green plants capable of using light to manufacture their own food.
• Chemo autotrophs: organisms that derives energy from the oxidation of chemical compounds to synthesize sugar from carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide or nitrate
• What is the process used by chemo autotrophs?

  Chemosynthesis
• What is the process used by photo autotrophs?

  Photosynthesis
• Consumers: organisms in the ecosystem that feed on plants or derive energy from the primary producers and from the consumer sub-system
• What is the term for consumers that feed on plants and are fed on by other organisms?

  Macro consumers
• What is the term for animals that feed on plants?

  Herbivores
• Herbivores are considered the _ consumers?

  Primary Consumers
• What is the term for animals the feed on other animals or meat eaters?

  Carnivores
• Carnivores comprises the _ consumers?

  Secondary Consumers
• What is the term for individuals that eat both plant and animal?

  Omnivores
• Omnivores can be _ consumers?

  Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Consumers
• What do we call the macro consumers since they depend on other organisms for their energy needs?

  Heterotrophs
• This are organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and other microscopic animals that derive energy and nutrients from dead and decaying matter, what is it called?

  Decomposers
• Decomposers are also referred to as what?

  Micro consumers
• Like macro consumers, micro consumers are also?

  Heterotrophs
• What makes up the biotic component of the ecosystem?

  Various Species Populations of the Community
• What makes up the abiotic component of the ecosystem?

  Physical and Chemical Actors
• What is the ultimate source of energy on Earth?

  Sun
• What is the ultimate source of energy on Earth?

  Sun
• These plants grow well in full sunlight, what are they called?

  Heliophytes
• These plants grow well under shady conditions or low light, what are they called?

  Sciophytes
• What factors of light play an important role in the ecosystem?

  Quality of light, intensity of light, length of light
• This is essential to the existence of plants and animals, what is it?

  Water
• How many percent of water comprises the human body?

  80%
• What is the term for plants that grow in water?

  Hydrophytes
• What is the term for plants that require moderate or average water?

  Mesophytes
• What is the term for plants that grow in dry environments or in areas where water is limited?

  Xerophytes
• What are the three atmospheric gases that are important to all living organisms?

  Carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen
• What atmospheric gas is an important reactant in the process of photosynthesis?

  Carbon Dioxide