KS3 FOOD AND DIGESTION

• What is a balanced diet?

  A variety of foods with the right nutrients
• Why is it important to check food packaging?

  To see the amount of nutrients consumed
• What is the purpose of the traffic light system introduced by the government?

  To indicate high nutrient levels in products
• What color indicates high fat in the traffic light system?

  Red
• What do the colors green, amber, and red represent in the traffic light system?

  Green is low, amber is moderate, red is high
• How many key nutrients are there?

  Seven key nutrients
• What are the seven key nutrients?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids (fats and oils)
  • Fiber
  • Vitamins
  • Minerals
  • Water
• What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

  To provide energy
• Where can carbohydrates be found?

  In sugary foods, cereals, potatoes and pasta
• What role do proteins play in the body?

  For growth and repair
• What foods are high in protein?

  Meat, fish, and eggs
• What are lipids used for in the body?

  For insulation and energy
• What is the first part of the digestive system where food enters?

  Mouth
• Where can lipids be found?

  In milk, cheese, nuts, and meat
• What is the process called when teeth break down food into smaller chunks?

  Mastication, chewing
• What is the function of fiber?

  To aid digestion,

  prevent constipation
• Where is fiber commonly found?

  In whole grain cereals and vegetables
• What do the saliva glands produce to help break down food?

  Enzymes
• What are vitamins and minerals needed for?

  To maintain health
• What foods are rich in vitamins and minerals?

  Fruits and vegetables
• What is the next part of the digestive system after the mouth?

  Esophagus
• Why is calcium important?

  For strong bones and teeth
• What is the role of vitamin C?

  To support a healthy immune system

  prevent scurvy
• What substance in the stomach helps kill bacteria?

  Hydrochloric acid
• What do the muscles in the stomach do to the food?

  They contract to churn the food
• What are the folds in the walls of the small intestine called?

  Villi
• What is the function of the folds in the small intestine?

  To provide a large surface area for digestion
• What happens to excess water in the large intestine?

  It is absorbed into the blood
• What nutrients are tested in food tests?

  • Starch (complex carbohydrate)
  • Sugar (simple carbohydrate)
  • Protein
  • Lipids (fats and oils)
• What forms in the large intestine from undigested food?

  Feces
• Where is feces stored before being released?

  Rectum
• What indicates the presence of starch in a food test?

  Iodine turning from yellow brown to blue black
• What is the process of passing feces out of the body called?

  Excretion
• What is the procedure for testing sugar in food?

  Add Benedict's solution and heat in a water bath
• Which organ produces bile?

  Liver
• What color change indicates sugar presence in food?

  Blue to brick red
• What is the role of bile in digestion?

  It helps break down lipids and neutralizes acid
• What does a blue to green color change indicate in sugar testing?

  Low sugar concentration in the solution
• Where is bile stored?

  Gallbladder
• What color change indicates a high sugar concentration in food?

  Blue to brick red