KS3 REACTIONS WITH METALS AND EXTRACTING METALS

• What does a metal produce when it reacts with water?

  Metal hydroxide plus hydrogen
• What is the general equation for a metal reacting with water?

  Metal + Water → Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
• What does sodium produce when it reacts with water?

  Sodium hydroxide plus hydrogen gas
• What is the symbol for sodium on the periodic table?

  Na
• What is the formula for water?

  H₂O
• How is sodium hydroxide formed from sodium and water?

  By combining sodium with hydroxide ions
• What is the balanced symbol equation for sodium reacting with water?

  2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
• What does calcium produce when it reacts with water?

  Calcium hydroxide plus hydrogen
• What is the balanced symbol equation for calcium reacting with water?

  Ca + 2H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ + H₂
• What is produced when potassium reacts with water?

  Potassium hydroxide plus hydrogen
• What is the balanced symbol equation for potassium reacting with water?

  2K + 2H₂O → 2KOH + H₂
• What happens to hydrogen gas when a metal reacts with water?

  It is released during the reaction
• What do an acid and a metal produce when they react?

  A salt plus hydrogen
• What is the general equation for the reaction of an acid with a metal?

  Acid plus metal makes a salt plus hydrogen
• Which metals can react with water in the lab?

  Lead, iron, zinc, and magnesium
• What salt is produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium?

  Sodium chloride
• What can be observed when metals react with water?

  Different amounts of fizzing
• What salt is produced when sulfuric acid reacts with calcium?

  Calcium sulfate
• How can the reactivity of metals be ranked?

  By observing their reactions with water
• How does the reactivity of metals with water vary?

  More reactive metals react more vigorously
• What salt is produced when nitric acid reacts with potassium?

  Potassium nitrate
• What determines the salt produced in acid and metal reactions?

  The metal and the acid used
• What is the reactivity series order for magnesium, zinc, iron, and lead?

  Magnesium, zinc, iron, lead
• What does the salt produced in these reactions always start with?

  The name of the metal used
• Which metals are less reactive than lead?

  Copper, silver, and gold
• What does the ending of the salt depend on?

  The acid that has been used
• Which metals are more reactive than magnesium?

  Calcium, lithium, sodium, and potassium
• What is the salt ending when using hydrochloric acid?

  Chloride
• What are the products of a metal reacting with water?

  • Metal hydroxide
  • Hydrogen gas
• What is the salt ending when using sulfuric acid?

  Sulfate
• What factors affect the reactivity of metals with water?

  • Type of metal
  • Presence of water
  • Temperature of the reaction
• What is the salt ending when using nitric acid?

  Nitrate
• What is the periodic table used for in metal reactions?

  • Identifying symbols of elements
  • Understanding chemical formulas
• What observable sign indicates hydrogen gas is being released during the reaction?

  Fizzing and bubbles moving up
• How can you determine the reactivity of metals?

  • By observing reactions with water
  • By ranking based on fizzing intensity
• How does the reactivity of metals affect the reaction with acids?

  More reactive metals produce more bubbles quickly
• Which metal is the most reactive when reacting with acids?

  Magnesium
• Which metal is the least reactive when reacting with acids?

  Lead
• Which metals do not react with dilute acids?

  Copper, silver, and gold
• What is always produced in acid and metal reactions?

  Hydrogen gas