Energy Flow and Biogeochemical Cycle

• energy can be sourced from

  renewable

  non-renewable
• the basis of flow of energy


  the law of thermodynamics
• it states that the amount of energy in the universe is contant. it may changed into different forms but cannot be created nor destroyd

  law of conservation of energy
• it states that disorder in the universe is increasing

  second law of thermodynamics
• disorder aka

  entropy
• the primary source of energy

  sun
• in the 2%, what is being made

  food

  transformed as heat
• energy is obtained by living things in 3 ways

  photosynthesis

  chemosynthetis

  eating/digesting living things or dead organisms by heterotrophs
• harness radiant (sun) energy and convert to chemical energy to form ATPS


  photoautotrophs
• form the base of food chains and food webs. the energy they capture from light or chemicals sustain all the other organims in the community

  autotrophs
• are organisms that create their organic food from inorganic chemicals

  chemoautotrophs
• cannot capture light ir chemical energy to make food and thus, mainly rely on autotrophs

  heterotrophs
• it is a feeding level, often represented in a food chain or food web

  trophic levels
• are graphical representations designed to show relationships between energy and trophic levels in an ecosysten

  ecological pyramids
• three types of pyramids

  pyramid of energy

  pyramid of biomass

  pyramid of numbers
• it shows the relationship between energy and trophic levels

  pyramid of energy
• to address the important environmental consequence of increasing the concentration of persistent, toxic substances st each trophic lrvel, from the primsry producers to the different condumer levels

  biomagnification
• recycling inorganic matter between living organims and their environment

  biogeochemical cycle