paper 2

• stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance
• thinking distance is the distance travelled before the driver has reacted which can be affected by alcohol,drugs,tiredness and age
• the braking distance is the distance tavelled by the car from the time the brakes are applied to the time the car stops which can be affected by weather, tyre/ brake conditions and road surface
• momentum before an event is eual to the moment after the event, so momentum is conserved
• when two objects collide they exchange energy and momentum
• wavelength is the distance covered by one full wave
• the frequency of a wave is the number of oscilations per second.
• the period pof a wave is the time taken for one complete wave to pass a point
• waves are oscillations that transfer energy from one place to another without transferring matter
• in transfer waves the particles move perpendicular to the direction of the wave
• a longitudinal wave is a wave in which the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer
• the direction of the electromagnietic feild can be found with a plotting compass or by using the right thumb rule
• a solenoid is a coil of wire with electric current flowing through
• we can make the electromagnet field stronger by increasing the currnet, more turns in the coil and using a soft iron core
• in flemmings left hand rule your thumb is the force, your first finger is the field and your second finger is the current
• newtons first law states that if the sesultant force is 0 then an object either remains stationary or remains moving at the same speed in the same direction