CU2

• Disaster planning involves the development of strategies, protocols, and systems that help mitigate the impact of emergencies, ensuring the safety and well-being of people and minimizing damage to property and infrastructure
• CONSIDERATIONS RELATED TO LEVELS OF DISASTER

  • Level I: Response team should be competent in basic emergency preparedness
  • Adequate surge capacity to respond to routine emergencies (power outages, weather events, etc.)
  • Level II: Assure adequate linkages with other organizations and agencies in the surrounding community
  • Local support and assets should be readily procured
  • Level III: Assure adequate linkages between local and national-level organizations
  • Know the communication chain of command for the national-level linkages
• DISASTER CONTINUUM, also known as Emergency management cycle, provides a guide on the timeline of a disaster. It consists of three phases: Pre-impact (0-24 HOURS), Impact (24-72 HOURS), Post Impact (more than 72 HOURS)
• IMPORTANCE OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS: 1. Plays a critical role in saving lives during times of crisis. 2. Helps minimize the damage caused by disasters. 3. Fosters resilience within communities
• LEVELS OF DISASTER AND MANAGEMENT

  • Level I - Local emergency response personnel and organizations can contain and effectively manage the disaster and its aftermath
  • Level II - Regional efforts and aid from surrounding communities are sufficient to manage the effects of the disaster
  • Level III - Local and regional assets are overwhelmed; statewide assistance is required
• DISASTER PLANNING is a cyclical process, composed of phases, often taking place concurrently, indicative of specific actions, along with the nature and scope of the plan. It aims to reduce the negative impact or consequences of adverse events
• DISASTER PLANNING is an essential process aimed at preparing individuals, communities, and organizations to effectively respond and recover from natural or man-made disasters
• KEY PRINCIPLES IN DEVELOPING A DISASTER PLAN: A comprehensive and all-encompassing approach is
• Disaster planning encompasses various elements such as risk assessment, emergency response planning, resource allocation, and communication strategies
• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan 2011-2028 Priority Areas

  • Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
  • Disaster Preparedness
  • Disaster Response
  • Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
• Phase 1. Mitigation and Prevention


  All actions taken before a disaster to reduce its impacts, including preparedness and long-term risk reduction measures
• Key Principles in Developing a Disaster Plan

  • A comprehensive and all-encompassing approach is crucial
  • Effective communication
  • Collaboration and coordination among different stakeholders
• Risk Assessment

  1. Hazard Identification

  2. Vulnerability Analysis
• Vulnerability Analysis

  1. Methods used to determine who is most likely to be affected

  2. What property is most likely to be damaged or destroyed

  3. What is the capability of the community to deal with the effects of the disaster
• Mitigation Strategies and Measures

  1. Adjusting normal development programs to reduce losses

  2. Economic diversification

  3. Developing disaster-resistant economic activities
• Disaster Management Cycle

  1. Mitigation - Measures put in place to minimize the results from a disaster

  2. Preparedness - Planning how to respond, Forecasting, Preparedness Plans, Communications Management

  3. Response- Initial actions taken as the event takes place. It involves efforts to minimize the hazards created by a disaster

  4. Recovery- Returning the community to normal (pre-disaster state). Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
• Importance of Disaster Preparedness

  • Plays a critical role in saving lives during times of crisis
  • Helps minimize the damage caused by disasters
  • Fosters resilience within communities
• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan 2011-2028 Goal: On June 16, 2011, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework (NDRRMF) was approved by the executive committee of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC). The framework is in conformity with and captures the essence and priorities of Republic Act 10121. The Framework envisions a country which have “safer, adaptive and disaster-resilient Filipino communities toward sustainable development.”
• Type of Vulnerability

  • Tangible/Material - People, Property, Economy, Environment
  • Intangible/Abstract - Social structures, Cultural practices, Cohesion, Motivation
• Methods in Hazard Identification

  1. Understand the nature of the threat

  2. Identify variations of threats in between locations

  3. Frequency of occurrence of events/threats

  4. Identify possible risk factors
• Mitigation Strategies

  • Risk Assessment
  • Various mitigation strategies or measures (Capacities)
• Positive resources and abilities helpful in mitigating, preparing for, responding to, and recovering from hazard impact
• Risk Assessment Benefits
• Disaster Preparedness

  A continuous and integrated process involving a wide range of activities and resources taken before the onset of a disaster from multi-sectoral sources enabling successful discharge of emergency management programs
• Key Points
• Phase 3: Response

  Disaster Response: Act of putting preparedness plans into action, measures taken to save lives and prevent further damage in a disaster or emergency situation
• Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
• Disaster Preparedness Goals
• Mitigation Strategies and Measures

  1. Plant crops that are resistant to locations prone to calamities

  2. Economic diversification

  3. Developing disaster-resistant economic activities
• Risk Assessment

  1. Utilizes hazard identification and vulnerability analysis

  2. Determines the probability of a specified outcome from a given hazard affecting a community with known vulnerabilities

  3. Risk is a function of hazards exposed to a community and the vulnerabilities of that community

  4. Risk is modified by the level of local preparedness expressed as RISK = HAZARD X VULNERABILITY / LEVEL OF PREPAREDNESS
• Phase 2: Preparedness

  1. Planning

  2. Organizing

  3. Training

  4. Equipping

  5. Exercising

  6. Evaluation
• Aims of Disaster Response
• Disaster Risk Reduction Recommendations

  • Policy, planning and capacity building in disaster management
  • Physical prevention
  • Capacity building at institutional and systemic level in disaster preparedness
• Disaster Preparedness Measures

  • Preparedness plans
  • Emergency exercises/training
  • Warning systems
  • Emergency communications systems
  • Evacuations plans and training
  • Resource inventories
  • Emergency personnel/contact lists
  • Mutual aid agreements
  • Public information/education
• Aims of disaster response

  • Provide immediate assistance and re-establish self-sufficiency and essential services quickly
  • Maintain life and ensure the survival of the maximum possible number of victims
  • Improve health by reducing health-related threats in relocation sites
  • Support morale by protecting and assisting the civilian population
• Evacuation and Migration


  Involves the relocation of a population from zones at risk of an imminent disaster to a safer location
• Warning

  Rapidly disseminate warnings to government officials, institutions, and the population in areas at immediate risk
• Search and Rescue (SAR)

  Identifying the location of disaster victims, bringing them to safety and medical attention
• Response and Relief

  • Should take place immediately with no delays
  • Contingency plans should be constructed
• Logistics and Supply

  Procurement, storage, dispatch, and distribution of relief/supply logistics facilities to victims of disaster