L3 - Effects and responses

• primary effect

  strong winds, social, economic and environmental, windspeeds are up to 119km/ h to be classed as a tropical storm, they can demolish houses and destroy crops
• primary effect

  torrential rainfall, social and economic, up to 500mm falling within 24 hours and can trigger landslides
• primary effect

  storm surge, social and economic, up to 5 metres high and driven by the wind pushing seawater onto the coastline
• secondary effect

  flooding, social, economic and environmental, caused by heavy rainfall or storm surges
• secondary effect

  contaminated water supplies, social, contaminated with seawater or human waste and can carry cholera
• long term response

  warning systems provide crucial information regarding strong winds, heavy rainfall and storm surges, it allows vital time to prepare and protect property
• immediate response

  evacuation to higher ground - away from the impact of storm surges or even to emergency storm shelters, it is necessary to reduce impact of storm surges and prevent people from being injured / killed, its easier to distribute essentials
• immediate response

  storm shelters, provided by public buildings or tents provided by international aid, they are necessary to protect people from heavy rainfall or winds
• immediate response

  emergency aid from charities, distributing tents, food and water to the survivors in the aftermath of the tropical storm, its necessary for the basic necessities to keep people alive
• long term response

  sustainable development from NGOs and governments, includes repairing damage to existing buildings, infrastructure or businesses to ensure the country can withstand a future hazard, helps rebuild the area and increase protection and prediction in the future
• example: typhoon haiyan

  it was a category five hurricane that struck the Philippines and originated in the northwest pacific ocean.
• example: typhoon haiyan

  the strong winds battered peoples homes and this made people homeless, as their buildings were not properly constructed
• example: typhoon haiyan

  power was interrupted, the airport badly damaged and roads were blocked by trees and debris
• example: typhoon haiyan

  90% of the city of Tacloban was destroyed
• example: typhoon haiyan

  fishing had to stop due to contaminated fishing waters
• example: typhoon haiyan

  eight deaths were reported in a stampede for rice supplies
• example: typhoon haiyan

  surface and groundwater was contaminated with seawater, chemicals from industry and sewage systems
• example: typhoon haiyan

  infection and disease spread more rapidly
• example: typhoon haiyan immediate response

  emergency aid suppliers arrived once the main airport was reopened
• example: typhoon haiyan immediate response

  36 countries and international organisations pledged help
• example: typhoon haiyan immediate response

  'no build zone' created, storm surge warning system, mangroves replanted