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Paper 1
Attachment
strange situation
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Cards (4)
Ainsworth
conducted a
controlled
observation of children's
attachment behaviour
using
'strange situation classification'
sample -
100 middle
class
American
infants and their
mothers
judge child's reaction via two-way mirror: willingness to explore, separation anxiety, stranger anxiety, reunion behaviour
secure attachment (
70
%)
willing to
explore
- uses
mother
as
secure base
upset
when mother
leaves
(
separation anxiety
)
avoidant of
stranger
but
friendly
when mother is
present
(
stranger anxiety
)
positive
when mother
returns
(
reunion behaviour
)
associated with a
responsive primary caregiver
Insecure-avoidant
Willing to explore environment
Unconcerned (indifferent) by
mother’s absence
(
separation anxiety
)
Unconcerned
, often avoidant of mother and stranger (
stranger anxiety
)
Unresponsive when she
returned
(
reunion behaviour
)
Associated
with an
unresponsive primary caregiver
Insecure-resistant
Low
willingness to explore environment.
Intensely distressed when mother left (
separation anxiety
)
Extreme fear of
stranger
(
stranger anxiety
)
Clinginess mixed with
rejection
on return (
reunion behavior
)
Associated with
inconsistent
primary caregiver
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