Which 5 behaviours were assessed to for attachment quality?
proximity seeking
exploration and secure base behaviour
stranger anxiety
separation anxiety
response to reunion
What are different types of attachment
secure (Type B)
insecure avoidant (Type A)
insecure resistant (Type C)
What are behaviours of secure attachment?
explore happily but go back to their caregiver
moderate separation distress and stranger anxiety
accept comfort at reunion stage
What are behaviours of insecure avoidant attachment?
explore freely but do not seek proximity or secure-base
low separation distress and stranger anxiety
avoid comfort at reunion stage
What are behaviours for insecure resistant attachment?
seek greater proximity and explore less
high levels of stranger and separation distress
resist comfort at reunion stage
What is a limitation of SS?
SS has an imposed etic
Takashi 1990 noted SS doesn't work on Japanese babies as they are rarely separated to their mothers
therefore they showed high levels of separation anxiety
classifying Japanese babies as insecure is an imposed etic because SS is a western-developed method of assessing attachment type in non-western cultures
this is an issue because SS may classify attachment types of babies inaccurately
babies have different experiences in different cultures
lacks validity
What is a strength of SS?
SS has good predictive validity
Kokkinos 2007
babies who were secure went to have better outcomes whereas babies who were insecure resistant were associated with bullying later on
we can see attachment type identified has direct link to child in the future
we can intervene by providing social support those who have insecure attachment
implies SS is meaningful in child's development
What is another strength of SS?
Bick et al 2012 looked at inter-rater reliability in a team of SS observers
found 94% agreement in attachment type
shows Ainsworth's research is reliable as we can see consistency when SS is used to assess attachment
suggest it is reliable and doesn't depend on subjective judgments