drrd

• A hazard is any object, situation, or behavior that has the

  potential to cause injury, ill health, or damage to property

  or the environment. Health and safety hazards exist in every

  workplace.
• Disaster is a sudden , calamitous event, usually catching residents

  unprepared.

  ✓ During Super Typhoon Yolanda, the local governments

  and residents of Tacloban were prepared for a typhoon, but

  were caught off-guard by sudden flood caused by storm

  surge.
• A disaster disrupts the functions of the community and

  causes property, economic, and environmental losses, or

  even loss of lives. Although most often caused by natural

  hazards, disaster can also be human made brought about

  by poor planning.
• A DISASTER is defined by the United Nations Office for

  Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) which means a serious

  disruptions of the functioning of a community or a society

  involving widespread human, material, economic or

  environmental losses and impacts which exceeds the ability

  of the affected community or society to cope up using its own

  resources.
• Oftentimes, disasters are associated with large-scale

  destructive events such as typhoons, earthquakes, and

  volcanic eruptions, among others. Although these events

  occur all over the world, some communities have ways of

  reducing the impact of hazards so that they do not turn into

  disasters
• Example:

  ❖ is the Pandacan Petroleum Depot in Manila. A leak on the

  tank could lead to a widespread fire, or spread toxic fumes

  in the air that could immediately affects nearby residents.

  ❖ A disaster occurs when a hazard happens and creates an

  impact to people or communities which are vulnerable.

  Disaster is the results of the combination of hazards,

  exposure, vulnerability, and risk.
• ❖ The paradigm shift from disaster response to disaster risk

  reduction is now being implemented throughout the

  Philippines.

  ❖ More and more people have begun to understand the

  hazards that they are subjected to. The government’s efforts

  in shifting the mind set of Filipinos towards disaster risk

  reduction is aimed toward all sectors in hopes of reducing

  the effect of disasters, especially the most vulnerable ones,

  by implementing a more effective disaster management

  scheme in every level of government.
• The R.A 10121 are to be reaped when all stakeholders do its share so

  that the country can move continuously towards development.

  ● an act strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and

  Management System, providing for the national disaster risk

  reduction and management framework and institutionalizing the

  national disaster risk reduction and management plan, appropriating

  funds therefor and for other purposes.
• A hazard is anything with the potential to

  cause harm. Risk is the probability of a negative

  outcome from exposure to a hazard.
• A substance is defined as hazardous if it

  has one or more of the following characteristics:

  flammable, corrosive, toxic, or reactive.
• A hazard or an occurrence with capacity to

  bring DAMAGES to lives, properties, and the

  environment. Taking the form of natural or man-

  made, a hazard is dangerous phenomenon or

  human activity.
• Natural Hazard - Natural phenomena that pose threats or

  cause negative impacts to people and

  property.
• natural hazard

  
• man-made hazard - Human-made hazards include civil conflict,

  displacement due to developmental projects,

  environmental degradation, industrial technological

  hazardLeakage of toxic waste)
• man-made hazard

  
• man-made hazard

  
• socionatural hazard - Flooding and Drought can fall under this category if these are due to deforestation.
• flash flood

  
• Earthquake - is a sudden and violent shaking of the ground,

  sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of

  movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.
• Tectonic quakes will occur anywhere in the

  earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain

  energy to drive fracture propagation along fault

  plane
• AT HOME:

  ✓ Make sure you and your family know all the “safe spots”

  in the home, as well as “danger spots”.

  ✓ Store breakable and heavy object on lower shelves, also

  use latches on cabinet doors.

  ✓ Maintain emergency food, water, medicine, a first aid kit,

  tools and clothing.

  ✓ Keep a list of emergency phone numbers available.
• AT SCHOOL:

  ✓ Earthquake drill and evacuation.

  ✓ Eliminate all nonstructural hazards.

  ✓ Classroom hazards would include heavy objects placed

  above head level or bookcases that are bolted to the wall.

  ✓ Identify and review all exits.
• drop - cover - hold
• PWD

  
• Vulnerability - It comes from many aspects, specifically, those that

  arise from various social, economic, physical, and

  environmental factors.
• Vulnerability

  Poor design and construction of building

  Lack of public awareness

  Limited official recognition of risk and

  preparedness measure

  Disregard for wise environmental management
• The Asian Disaster Preparedness defines Vulnerability

  as “a set of prevailing or consequential conditions which

  adversely affect the community’ ability to prevent, mitigate,

  prepare for and respond to hazardous event”.
• Most Vulnerable - They are the community members whose

  capacities are low and not sufficient to with stand and

  overcome the damaging and adverse effects of

  disasters.
• Most Vulnerable

  EXAMPLE:

  Farmers

  Laborers

  Indigenous

  Person with Disabilities (PWDs)

  Women and children
• Less Vulnerable - They are the community members whose capacities start

  from own ability to acquire material resources: skill and

  trainings; and levels of society.
• Less Vulnerable

  EXAMPLE:

  Professionals

  Small Entrepreneurs

  Business owners

  Employees
• Not Vulnerable - They are sectors in society having high position in the

  community.
• Category of Vulnerabilities

  PHYSICAL / MATERIAL

  SOCIAL / ORGANIZATIONAL

  ATTITUDINAL / MOTIVATIONAL
• Physical/Material

  People who are poor often live on marginal land:

  No Insurance

  No Savings

  Poor Health

  Risky Areas
• Physical/Material

  Location / Materials

  Land / Animals / Capital

  Infrastructure and Services

  (Ex. roads, facilities, electricity, transportation, communications)

  Human capital

  (Ex. Population, morality, diseases, nutritional status, poverty)

  Environmental factors

  (Ex. Forestation, soil quality, and erosion)
• Social/Organizational - People who have marginalize in social, economic, or political terms

  are vulnerable to suffering from disasters, whereas groups that are

  well-organized and have a high commitment to their members suffer

  less during disasters.
• Social/Organizational

  Family structure

  Leadership qualities

  Legislation

  Decision making

  Relationship to government

  Isolation and connectedness
• Social/Organizational

  Division and conflicts

  (ethnic, class, religion, ideology, political groups, language, and

  media conflicts)

  Degree of justice

  (equality and access, and to political processes)

  Community organization

  (formal, informal, traditional, governmental, and progressive)
• Attitudinal/Motivational - People who have low confidents and their ability to affect

  change or who have “lost heart” and feel defeated by

  events and they cannot control.
• Attitudinal/Motivational

  Attitude towards change

  Initiative

  Religious belief and ideology

  Fatalism, hopelessness, despondency, and discouragement

  Independent/dependent (self-reliant)

  Consciousness, and awareness

  Cohesiveness, unity, solidarity, cooperation

  Orientation toward past, present, and future