Book 12

• How is Turnus described?

  Under pressure

  Angry

  Like a Lion
• How does Turnus speak to Latinus?

  Critical of Aeneas

  Speaks in 3rd person

  Determined

  sets the terms of the duel
• What is Latinus’ response?

  Respectful

  Compliments Turnus

  Calm

  saus he has to be more critical and think abou the wider impact

  Says there’s other women that Turnus could marry
• What do you make of Latinus’ character?

  Respectful of gods

  Turns back on promises

  Wants war to end

  calm and collected
• How does Turnus respond?

  Anger grows (furor)

  asks to be allowed to fight

  says Venus won‘t be there to help Venus
• What is Amata’s reaction?

  Scared

  Knows Turnus will die and thinks she’ll die aswell

  tries to dissuade Turnus
• What is Lavinia‘s reaction?

  Saddened by her mothers words

  Still doesn’t speak
• How does Turnus respond?

  Loves and cares for Lavinia

  Gets ready for war
• What becomes increasingly inevitable?

  Turnus’ death

  • but Juno still urges Juturna to go and save Turnus or stir up war
• What is Aeneas’ state of mind?

  Prepared

  Level headed
• What is agreed?

  A treaty

  • whoever is defeated will withdraw from the city
• How and why does Juturna provoke the Rutulians?

  Goes into Battle disguised as Caners

  Tries to provoke the Rutulians by saying they shouldn’t let one person die for all of them and they shouldn’t lose their native land

  Doesn’t want Turnus to be killed
• What omen occurs and what is its effect?

  Eagle flew by in the red sky

  • Excites the Rutulians

  Causes them to go fight and break the truce
• How does Aeneas react when the truce is broken?

  Urges men to not get involved in battle

  Still wants to have a duel with Turnus
• How is Aeneas injured?

  Gets shot by an arrow

  • doesn’t know who from
• What is Turnus’ reaction?

  Aristeia

  Arms and mounts horses
• How are Turnus’ exploits on the battlefield described?

  Fast paced

  Compared to Mars

  Fierce warrior
• How does Aeneas deal with his injury?

  Taken to camp and wants it out as fast as possible

  • slice open files to get arrowhead out
• Who helps Aeneas?

  Mnestheus

  Achates

  Iapyx

  • loved by Apollo
  • Trues to pull out arrow head but Apollo doesn’t help

  Venus comes down and crinkles panacea and ambrosia to get the arrow out and restore Aeneas to his former state
• What does Aeneas do when he’s cured and what theme of the Aeneid is highlighted?

  Hungry for battle

  regains strength

  revenge

  Piety —> Speaks to Ascanius
• What is everyone’s reaction once Aeneas reappears in battle?

  Latins knew before seeing him

  • intimidated
• What does Juturna do?

  fleed
• How is battle portrayed?

  Aeneas’ aristeia

  Lots of death

  Fast paced

  Unnecesary

  • Virgil doesn’t like war
• What happens to the city?

  See enemy approaching

  Pre-eminently grieving

  Pessimistic
• What happens to Amata?

  Watching from walls

  Kills herself by hanging herself

  • like Dido
• How might a contemporary Roman regard the manner of Amata’s death?

  Unheroic, feminine and heroic

  • suicide
  • hangs herself

  Pathos

  Spontaneous
• What happens to Turnus psychologically?

  Less optimistic

  tired

  Hears screams and shout of horror

  Reconises Juturna

  • acknowledges he’s going to die
• Aeneas vs Turnus’ fight

  Aeneas

  • joy to finally fight
  • compared to hunting dog

  Turnus

  • unprepared
  • looks back to city
  • accepting of fate
  • runs away
• What similarities are there with the Iliad?

  Fight over woman

  Latins defending city and will lose while Trojans attacking but will win

  duel

  divine intervention

  Turnus runs away like Hector and Aeneas chases like Achilles
• What does Jupiter make of this?

  Speaks to Juno

  • asks her to accepts Aeneas’ victory
  • blames Juno for war and forbids her from doing anything else

  Wants it’s to end

  • says Trojans have won

  Weighs up fates on scales
• What is Juno’s response?

  Accepts Jupiter’s demands and says she’s abandoned Turnus

  Admits to persuading Juturna to intervene

  Asks that the Latins shouldn’t have to change their name and for Troy to remain fallen
• How does Jupiter appease Juno?

  People of Ausonia will keep their Latin name, tongue and traditions.

  Agrees to what she says
• What does Juturna realise?

  Jupiter sends monster down to Juturna as an omen

  • realises Turnus was die and she can’t stop it
• Why does Virgil create a role for Juturna?

  Futility of war

  Impact on families

  Power and respect of Jupiter

  Immortals not immune from loss
• What does Aeneas say to Turnus and how does Turnus behave?

  Asks why he’s not honouring his promise as he’s only running away

  Taunts Turnus

  Turnus says he’s not afraid of him but he’s afraid of the gods

  Tries to throw a huge rock at Aeneas and is strong enough to pick it up but can’t throw it far enough
• How does Aenead finally bring Turnus to his knees?

  Hit him in the thigh with a spear
• What does Turnus request?

  Supplicates to Aeneas

  Accepts that war was his fault

  Doesn’t ask for anything for himself but his body to be returned to his father
• should Aeneas have killed Turnus?

  Yes

  • pietas to Evander and Pallas
  • Needs to claim Lavinia

  No

  • already defeated
  • Turnus accepts defeat
• Whose death are we reminded of as the Aeneid ends?

  Hector’s

  • protecting city
  • best fighter

  Pallas

  • justification for killing
• On what emotional note does the Aeneid end?

  Death of Turnus

  Aeneas’ furor