L3- THE RESEARCH PROCESS

• RESEARCH PROCESS- 1.CONCEPTUALIZATION PHASE 2.Design Phase 3.Empirical Phase 4.Analytical Phase 5.Dissemination Phase
• Components of Conceptualization Phase


  • Topic identification
  • Studies recommended
  • Literature reviews
  • Objective framing
  • Central Question
• Objective framing


  Identifying the Central Question that needs to be addressed
• Studies are recommended to focus on a not-too-broad but not-too-specific concept to allow flexibility and further exploration
• Literature reviews


  Required for quantitative studies but optional in qualitative inquiries
• Topic selection


  Identifying the topic
• Conceptualization Phase


  Identifying the topic
• DESIGN PHASE

  –Known as the “planning phase” where researchers decide on the detailed procedures in gathering and analyzing data. –The phase wherein how, where, and when will the study be conducted and analyzed is addressed.
• EMPIRICAL PHASE

  –“data gathering and collection phase” –In this phase, the researchers are equipped with the necessary attitude, behavior, and tools in gathering data from different prospective sources. –In qualitative studies, respondents are known as ‘key informants’ or co-researchers.
• ANALYTICAL PHASE

  –“data analysis phase” –Most challenging phase of the research. –Preparation and assessment of the data through the use of several tools and even the researchers own understanding. –Analysis of data is supported by the researchers’ beliefs and previous studies published in the same area of interest.
• DISSEMINATION PHASE

  –“publishing phase” –Most valuable but often neglected by the researchers. –Research results in the form of a well-written full research manuscript are advised to be shared to the general public.
• A research topic or problem is an intellectual stimulus calling for an answer in the form of scientific inquiry.
• –Research topics must follow the 3Ts: timely, trending, and trailblazing.
• –Research topic – area of the study, common ground
• Intellectualized topic – specificity of study, distinctiveness of your research
• Research topics in qualitative studies primarily focuses on life-related concepts that are commonly non-measurable.
• –Qualitative research topics often entails narration of past experiences.
• SOURCES OF RESEARCH TOPIC

  –Own experience and interest –Own professional practice –Colleagues –Critical friends (experts in the fields) –Related literature
• –Reconnaissance – process of reviewing literature; familiarity in the body of literature on a topic will help you identify how your proposed study will fit into the body of literature available.
• Types of Literature Sources:

  1.Research (1st priority) 2.Conceptual (2nd priority) 3.Gray
• GUIDELINES IN SELECTING A TOPIC

  –Should be something new or different –MUST be original –Should be significant to one’s field of study or discipline –Should be of researcher’s interests –Should be a modest one for a beginner to be carried within a limited period of time.
• GUIDELINES IN SELECTING A TOPIC

  –Should be specific, not general –Should consider the training and personal qualifications of the researcher –Should consider the financial capacity of the researcher –Should consider the time factor
• RESEARCH TITLE

  –The title must contain the following: –Subject matter or research problem –Respondents involved in the study –Setting or locale of the study –The title must be broad and at the same time, must be brief and concise as possible.
• RESEARCH TITLE

  –“Analysis of”, “A Study of”, “An Investigation of” and the like should be avoided. –If the title contains more than one line, it should be written in inverted pyramid –In the title page, all words in the title should be in capital letters. –If possible, the title should not be longer than 15 words.