11.1 & 13.1: Colloids and Chemical Equilibria

Created by

BreeH

Cards (22)

What is the relationship of Van't Hoff (i) in relation to ions?
The i factor is less than the # of ions in a formula typically
What is osmotic pressure? 
the pressure exerted by a solvent to prevent the flow of water across a semipermeable membrane.
Higher liquid height exerts ___ pressure to balance the solvent flow rate
downward
What is the equation for osmotic pressure? 
π = iMRT
What does i stand for in pie=iMRT
Van't Hoff
What does M stand for in pie = iMRT
Molarity
What does R stand for in pie = iMRT
Gas rate law
What does T stand for in pie = iMRT
Temperature in Kelvin
What is the definition of a colloid?
A mixture of particles (1-100 nm in diameter) and suspended in another substance and unlike normal suspensions, particles will not settle out.
What are four examples of colloidal suspension
Milk, fog/clouds, Hand lotions, gel/jellies, foam
How is milk a colloidal suspension
A suspension in water of particles form from lipids, proteins, and calcium salts
How is fog/clouds a colloidal suspension?
Water drops in air (liquid in gas)
How is hand lotion a colloidal suspension
oil/lipids in water (liquid in liquid)
What is the term used for the liquids in liquids
emulsions
A gel and jello is a liquid in a... 
solid
An example of gas in solid is...
foam (ex: whipped cream, foam rubber)
What are two interactions that can lead to colloidal suspensions?
electrostatic charges and emulsifiers
What is electrostatic charges?
Smoke and dust particles carry a net charge (all the same sign +/i: repel each other)
Electrostatic charges never fall out of suspension because...
Repealing signs = never get big enough to get out
Electronic charges can precipitate out by contracting to...
charged surfaces
What is chemical equilibrium?
The reaction is at equilibrium when product and reactant concentrations are not changing
Chemical equilibrium undergoes osmotic pressure as...
forward and reverse reactions do not stop (they balance out)