COVER TO COVER

• During World War II, the military depended even more on psychological tests to screen recruits for service
• Alfred Binet and a colleague published a test designed to help place Paris schoolchildren in appropriate classes
• During World War I in 1917, the military needed a way to screen large numbers of recruits quickly for intellectual and emotional problems, and psychological testing provided this methodology
• Objective of psychological testing

  To obtain some gauge, usually numerical in nature, with regard to an ability or attribute (Raw score)
• Psychological testing

  May be individual or group in nature
• Approaches in Assessment

  • Collaborative Psychological Assessment
  • Dynamic Assessment
• The Process of Assessment

  1. Referral

  2. Determine mode of assessment

  3. Pre-testing screening and client preparation

  4. Platform of choice

  5. Administration protocol

  6. Periodical protocol evaluation
• Role of evaluator in psychological assessment

  • Assessor is key to selecting tests/tools and drawing conclusions from the evaluation
• Psychological assessment

  Typically individualized and focuses on how an individual processes rather than just the results
• Psychological assessment

  Gathering and integration of psychology-related data for making a psychological evaluation using tools such as tests, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specially designed apparatuses and measurement procedures
• Varieties of assessment

  • Educational Assessment
  • Retrospective assessment
  • Remote assessment
  • Ecological momentary assessment
• The roots of contemporary psychological testing and assessment can be found in early twentieth-century France
• Assessment Techniques

  • Technician assisted
  • Hybrid stage
  • Modified face-to-face
  • Direct to home
• Skill of evaluator in psychological testing


  • Requires technician-like skills in administering, scoring a test, and interpreting a test result
• Skill of evaluator in psychological assessment

  • Requires educated selection of tools, skill in evaluation, and thoughtful organization and integration of data
• Role of evaluator in psychological testing

  • The tester is not key to the process; one tester may be substituted for another without affecting the evaluation significantly
• Within a decade an English-language version of Binet’s test was prepared for use in schools in the United States
• Objective of psychological assessment

  To answer a referral question, solve a problem, or arrive at a decision through the use of evaluation tools
• Psychological testing

  Process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior
• Process of Tele-assessment

  1. Referral

  2. Test selection & assessment battery

  3. Determine mode of assessment

  4. Pre-testing screening and client preparation

  5. Platform of choice

  6. Administration protocol

  7. Periodical protocol evaluation
• Assessment Models

  • Test-oriented
• Settings where dynamic assessment is employed

  • Educational
  • Correctional
  • Corporate
  • Neuropsychological
  • Clinical
  • Any other setting
• Types of Performance Reports

  • Simple scoring report
  • Extended scoring report
  • Interpretative report
  • Consultative report
• Dynamic assessment

  1. Evaluation

  2. Intervention

  3. Evaluation
• Tools of Psychological Assessment

  • Test
  • Psychological Test
  • Content
  • Format
  • Administration procedure
  • Scoring and Interpretation
  • Score
  • Cut scores
  • Interview
  • Portfolio
  • Case History Data
  • Behavioral Observation
  • Role-Play Tests
  • Computer as Tools
• Assessment Models

  • Test-oriented model
  • Domain-oriented Model
  • Hypothesis-oriented model
• Psychological autopsy is a reconstruction of a deceased individual’s psychological profile based on archival records, artifacts, and interviews
• Rapport

  Working relationship between the examiner and the examinee
• Types of reports

  • Scoring report
  • Extended scoring report
  • Interpretative report
  • Consultative report
  • Integrative report
• Assessment Settings

  • Educational Setting
  • Clinical and Counselling Setting
  • Geriatric Settings
  • Business and Military Settings
• Ethical Guidelines for Test Users

  • Files should be stored safely
  • Trained person should administer the test properly
  • Test administrators should be familiar with the test materials and the procedure
  • The room should be suitable and conducive to testing
  • Create rapport
• Parties involved in testing

  • Test developer
  • Test User
  • Test taker
  • Society at Large
• How Assessments are Conducted

  1. Assessors prepare for the assessment

  2. Assessment is administered

  3. Scores or results of the assessments are used

  4. Entire record of the assessment is stored
• Alternate assessment is an evaluative or diagnostic procedure that varies from the usual way a measurement is derived, either by special accommodation or alternative methods
• Responses on tests are thought to predict real-world behavior
• Competent test users understand and appreciate the limitations of the tests they use as well as how those limitations might be compensated by data from other sources
• Ways of conducting testing

  • Based on item content
  • Based on item weighing
• Sources of Error Variance

  • Test constructions
  • Test administration
  • Test scoring and interpretation
• Test and Other Measurement Techniques have Strengths and weaknesses
• Testing and Assessment can be Conducted in a Fair and Unbiased Manner