RF Friendship

• What is the main topic of the study material?

  The psychology of friendship
• Who is the author of the study material?

  Professor Kate M Bennett
• What will students understand from this material?

  The role of friendship in social support
• What is one of the learning outcomes related to friendship types?

  Understanding different types of friendship
• What is a key question posed about friendship?

  How would you define friendship?
• According to Fehr (1996), how is friendship defined?

  A voluntary, personal relationship providing intimacy
• What is one extrinsic value of friendship?

  It provides social support
• What is one intrinsic value of friendship?

  We have friends because it is nice
• What does the direct effects hypothesis suggest?

  Support is beneficial regardless of stress levels
• What does the buffering hypothesis propose?

  Social support protects against high stress effects
• What do reinforcement theories suggest about friendship?

  We feel friendly towards those who treat us well
• What do social exchange and equity theories focus on?

  Rewards and maintenance of friendships
• What is a key factor in friendship formation?

  Proximity, such as school or workplace
• What is one strategy for maintaining friendships?

  Managing anger and conflict
• What is one reason for friendship dissolution?

  Boredom in the relationship
• What are the five domains and dimensions of friendships according to Weiss and Lowenthal (1975)?

  • Similarity
  • Reciprocity
  • Compatibility
  • Structural (proximity, duration)
  • Role model
• What are the three styles of friendship identified by Matthews (1986)?

  • Independents: Self-reliant, no specific friends
  • Discerning: Specific standards, small group of friends
  • Acquisitive: Variety of friends throughout life
• What did Greif (2009) study about masculine styles of friendship?

  Men need to see friends to be happy
• What is a common assumption about older widowers' friendships?

  They do not have close male friendships
• What was the focus of Bennett & van den Hoonaard's study?

  Experiences of older widowed men's friendships
• What was one method used in the study of older widowed men?

  Qualitative interviews about their experiences
• What was a key theme that emerged during the interviews?

  Friendship was an important theme
• What is the age range of participants in the study?

  Aged between 55 and 98
• What did the narrative about friendship illustrate?

  Friendship can develop from shared activities
• What theme emerged as important in the study of friendships among men and women?

  Friendship
• How is the expression of friendship different between men and women?

  More forceful for women, hidden in men
• Who conducted research on the hidden nature of friendship in men?

  Bleiszner & de Vries
• What is the narrative described in the study about friendships?

  • Associate at work became a close friend
  • Developed friendship through shared activities like golf
  • Regular mid-day meals together after a spouse's death
  • Emphasizes the normalcy of their friendship
• What activity did the narrator and his associate engage in together?

  Golf
• What did the narrator mean by "let's have a knock together"?

  It referred to playing golf together
• How did the narrator's friendship develop after the death of his spouse?

  Through regular meals and shared experiences
• What social activities did the men in the study mention enjoying?

  Bowls, darts, and skiing
• What does homophily refer to in the context of friendships?

  Tendency to bond with similar others
• What social setting did one participant mention meeting friends?

  At the pub
• How did Jack describe his experience with the lunch club?

  He went out for a meal with friends
• What is a notable difference in friendships between the UK and Canada?

  Life-long friendships are a UK phenomenon
• How did Mr. I describe his relationship with his friend despite distance?

  They maintained a close friendship through communication
• What does reciprocal instrumental support mean in friendships?

  Mutual assistance in practical tasks
• What did Mr. A mention about his arrangement with a friend regarding lunch?

  He pays the milk bill in return for rides
• How did masculinity influence friendships according to the study?

  Friendships are often open in masculine spaces