muscles

• isokinetic - muscle contracts at a constant speed through a full range of motion
• isometric - muscle contracts against a force but stays in a fixed position
• isotonic - muscle moves through full range of motion

  • concentric - muscle belly shortens
  • eccentric - muscle belly lengthens
• contractibility - ability of muscle to shorten and lengthen to create movement
• elasticity - ability of the muscle to return to its relaxed state
• excitability - stimulation of muscles by nervous impulses to start contraction
• extendibility - ability of muscles to improve functioning through exercise/activity
• ligament - connects bone to bone
• tendon - connects muscle to bone
• origin - the end of a muscle fixed to something rigid like a bone
• insertion - the end of a muscle fixed to a bone that moves
• agonist (prime) mover - muscle that contracts to cause movement
• antagonist - muscle that relaxes to allow movement
• differences between slow and fast twitch fibres

  • slow are red and small, fast are white and large
  • slow high network of capillaries, fast and low network of capillaries
  • slow use aerobic energy system, fast use ATP-CP
  • slow generate low force, fast generate high force