unit 7

• what is a data type

  the type of values used in variables
• what are all the data types

  integer, float/real, string, boolean
• what is an integer

  a whole number
• what is a float/real


  a number with decimals
• what is a string


  a sequence of characters
• what is a boolean


  a true or false value
• what does MOD do


  divides the 2 numbers but returns the remainder

  
• what does DIV do


  integer division(truncates any decimals)

  
• difference between=and==

  = is the assignment operator(assigns a value to a variable) == is a comparison operator(checks if two values are equal)
• how would you output the first 3 characters of a string called 'name'

  name.left(3)
• what value would name.left(5) return from the string 'quizlet'

  "quizl"
• how would you output the last 3 characters of a string called 'name'

  name.right(3)
• how would you output the character length of a string called 'name'

  name.length
• how would you output thecharacters between the 2nd and 4th charactersof a string called 'name'

  name.substring(1,3)
• what value wouldname.substring(2,10)return from the string "quizlet revision"name.substring(2,10)return from the string "quizlet revision"+

  
  

  izlet rev
• how would you

  convert and printa string called 'name' touppercaseprint(name.upper)
• what is

  indentationagapthat differentiates the lines included in each structure (e.g. for loops)
• what is

  commentingtext that isignoredwhen the program is run, used totitle or explainspecific parts of code
• what is a


  sequencea series of steps completedone after the other
• what is a

  selectiona section of code that is only run if a condition is met(if/else, switch/case)
• what is an

  iterationa part of a program thatrepeats(for...next, while...endwhile, do...until)
• what are the

  comparison operators==(equal to)!=(not equal to)>=(greater than or equal to)<=(less than or equal to)>(greater than)<(less than)
• what is the difference between

  if statementsandswitch/caseif statements- the value is compared to eachiforelsecondition using a comparison operatorswitch statements- the correctcaseis executed immediately if the condition is equal to the value
• how would you output a

  random valuebetween0and10import randomprint(random.randint(0, 10))
• why are

  forloops usedto repeat code aspecifiednumber of times.
• why are

  whileloops usedto only repeat codewhilea certain condition is met
• flowcharting a while loop

  
• why are

  do...untilloops usedto repeat codeuntila certain condition is met
• how would you

  declarethearraycalled 'usernames'array usernames[10]
• how would you

  add"nickadoodle302" to the3rdindexin thearraycalled 'usernames'usernames[2] = "nickadoodle302"
• how would you find the

  lengthof thearraycalled 'usernames'usernames.length
• what is a

  subroutinea named block of code with a specific task that can be reused
• what's the difference between a


  functionand aprocedurefunctions return a value at the end
• how would you define and call a

  procedurecalled 'showMenu'procedure showMenu()

  print("Menu")

  
  

  showMenu()
• what is a

  parameterthe values that get passed through a function
• why are

  subroutinesused- they help to break up a large program into individual parts

  - each subroutine can be tested separately to ensure that it works

  - subroutines can be reused in other programs or multiple times in the same program

  - if there is an error, it only has to be fixed once and it will work throughout the program
• what is a

  localvariablea variable that can only be accessedinsidea subroutine
• what is a

  globalvariablea variable that can be accessedanywherein the program
• what are the

  advantagesof usinglocalvariables- they help to keep a subroutine self-contained

  - they can be used without the variable names conflicting with others
• what is a

  recorda data structure consisting of a number of fields which can all be of different types