6.1

• Imperialism: The policy of extending the political and economic control of one country over another
• Building empires globally helped a country assert its national identity and power
• Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895; nationalist pride against China who controlled Korea and won Korea
• Japan seized Taiwan: Formosa (Portuguese)
• Phrenologists: people who studied skull sizes and shapes; smaller skulls of other people proved the mental feebleness
• Charles Darwin's theory of evolution: by natural selection biologival competition had weeded out the weaker species in nature and the fittest species are those who survive
• Social Darwinism: humans are naturally competitive and struggle for survival, this was applied to society
• Colonizers introduced a single language to a single colony made of diverse colonies which helped to unify them
• Missionaries: in colonization that persuaded people to give up traditional beliefs
• Missionaries: provided medicinal care, schools, tried to end illegal slave trade (David Livingstone)
• Companies signed commercial treaties: right to est trading posts and forts to protect their interests
• Competition of imperial powers: best potential resoucres, markets, and trade as demands for low-wage labor , access to markers, and control of natural resources
• EIC: royal charter 1600 monopoly on England's trade with India, 18th century because a major agent of British imperialism slave trade + opium smuggling
• VOC: monopoly of trade; concentration on islands of Java, gov took hold of company (1799) and Indonesia
• Britain was leading economic power; with colonies to provide raw materials along with industrial economy that made markets of British manufactured goods in settler colonies