Atoms and Isitopes

Subdecks (3)

Cards (47)

  • Electrons orbit the nucleus at different energy levels called shells or electron clouds.
  • Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons are neutral.
  • The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons
  • The first two shells can hold up to eight electrons, while higher-energy shells have lower occupancy limits.
  • Where does fusion happen?
    Star
  • Where do chain reactions happen?
    Nuclear reactor
  • Where does alpha decay happen?
    Nucleus of an atom
  • Types of nuclear radiation:
    Alpha
    Beta
    Gamma
  • Suggest what happened in 1932 to change the idea that atoms contained only protons and electrons.
    Neutrons were discovered
  •  
    The nucleus of a uranium-235 atom must absorb a particle before the atom is able to split. What type of particle is absorbed?

    Neutron
  •  
    The nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts in a reactor. What name is given to this process?

    Fission
  • Name another natural source of background radiation.
    Radon
    Cosmic Rays
    Rocks
    Food
  • Name another artificial source of background radiation.
    X rays
    Nuclear power
    Nuclear accidents
    Nuclear weapon testing
  • Why does an atom that decays by emitting alpha or beta radiation become an atom of a different element?
    Number of protons changes
  • Isotopes
    the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
  • Radioactive
    Substance that gives out radiation
  • What is an alpha particle?
    A helium nucleus
  • Beta decay does not cause the mass number of an atom to change.  Explain why not.
    number of neutrons decreases by one
    number of protons increases by one
  • Explain why the teacher wears polythene gloves when handling radioactive materials.
    Prevents contamination which could cause contamination over a long period of time