populations

• population density = number of organisms per unit area or volume
• a community is the total number of members of a different species[community=population+populations+...........]
• a habitat is the specific locality an organism exists(where a animal lives)
• factors that have led to a higher population is humans are

  1. increased food production(mechanisation)
  2. better health facilities
  3. improved housing
  4. better nutrition
  5. education and awareness
• lag phase

  • this is the start of a population growth in a species
  • new individuals take time to settle/get used to the new environment
  • very few individuals are reproducing
• log/exponential phase

  • this is the phase of a populations growth where the population increases rapidly
  • the birth rates are higher than the death rates(birth rate>death rates)
  • lots of organisms are reproducing
  • there are no limiting factors
  • theres adequate supply of resources(food/water, space)
  • there is no competition
• stationary/stagnent phase

  • this is the phase of a population where the population does not increase(it stays the same)
  • the limiting factors have started to affect the population
  • the death rate is increasing and birth rate is decreasing(birth rate=death rate)
  • theres is. less food, space and other nutrients
  • morre competition
  • predation(predators have started to appear)
  • outbreak of diseases
• death phase

  • this is the phase where the population drops significantly
  • the death rate is higher that the birth rate(birth rate<death rate)
  • resources have decreased causing organism to die of causes such as starvation
• • in a population if there are no limiting factors the population will continue to grow without having a death phase or a stationary phase
  • the log phase will continue endlessly until limiting factors start to kick in
• predator's and prey's population are inversely connected

  if the population of prey is high then the population of predators will be less

  and is the population of predators is high then the population of prey will be low
• there are social impacts of rapid population growth they include:

  1. increase pressure on social amenities
  2. increased pollution
  3. increased traffic
  4. more old people(increased demand for health care)
  5. more young people(increased demand for education)
  6. overcrowding
• there are economic impacts of rapid population growth the include:

  1. depletion of resources