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Anatomy
Trimester B
Digestive system
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Created by
Matt Louise
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Cards (63)
What is another name for the oesophagus?
Gullet
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What is the primary function of the oesophagus?
To propel liquids and solids to the
stomach
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How long is the oesophagus?
About
25 cm
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Where does the oesophagus commence?
At
C6
vertebra
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What anatomical structures does the oesophagus lie between in the mediastinum?
Posterior to
trachea
and anterior to
vertebral column
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At which vertebral level does the oesophagus pass through the diaphragm?
T10
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What is the role of the upper oesophageal sphincter?
Prevents
air
from
entering
the
oesophagus
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What does the lower oesophageal sphincter prevent?
Reflux of acid from stomach into
oesophagus
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What is peristalsis?
Muscular contractions that propel food down the
oesophagus
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What is the peritoneum?
A closed sac in the
abdominal
cavity
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What is ascites?
Abnormal fluid collection in the
peritoneal
cavity
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What are the main organs of the digestive system?
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Pancreas
Liver
Gallbladder
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What connects the stomach to the oesophagus?
Cardiac sphincter
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What is the function of the stomach's internal mucus membrane?
Secretes
gastric juice
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How long is the small intestine?
About 6
metres
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What are the three parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum
,
jejunum
, ileum
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How long is the large intestine?
1.5
metres
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What are the four parts of the large intestine?
Caecum
,
colon
, rectum,
anal canal
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What is the function of the pancreas?
Secretes
pancreatic
juice for digestion
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How long is the pancreas?
12-15
cm
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What does the liver secrete?
Bile
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How many lobes does the liver have?
Four
lobes
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What is the pathway of bile from the liver to the duodenum?
Bile from liver
Left
hepatic
duct
Cystic duct
Common hepatic duct
Common bile duct
Duodenal
papilla
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What is the alimentary canal?
Tube from
mouth
to
anus
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What is the function of the epiglottis?
Stops food from entering the
trachea
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What are the three portions of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
,
oropharynx
,
laryngopharynx
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Which portions of the pharynx are part of the digestive system?
Oropharynx
and
laryngopharynx
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What is the function of the salivary glands?
Secrete
saliva
into
the
mouth
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How many pairs of salivary glands are there?
Three
pairs
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What are the names of the salivary glands?
Parotid
,
submandibular
,
sublingual
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What is the role of the tongue?
Sense of taste,
speech
, swallowing
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Which nerve supplies the muscles of the tongue?
Hypoglossal nerve
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Which nerves provide sensation to the tongue?
Trigeminal
,
facial
,
glossopharyngeal
nerves
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What is the vestibule of the mouth?
Outer
portion
of
the
mouth
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What structures are found in the mouth cavity proper?
Oropharyngeal isthmus
,
pillars of fauces
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How many deciduous teeth do children typically have?
20
teeth
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How many permanent teeth do adults typically have?
32
teeth
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What types of teeth are included in the permanent set?
Incisors
,
canines
, premolars, molars
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What is the function of the haustra in the large intestine?
Form
pouches
between
muscle bands
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What is the mesocolon?
Double layer of
peritoneum
attaching colon
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