Section two

• What are the two biological theories for exercise benefits to mental health

  Endorphin hypothesis

  neurotransmitters
• What are the two physiological theories for mental health and exercise

  HRQL

  self esteem
• What is section two

  Mental health and sport
• What is the endorphin hypothesis

  When we exercise our body releases endorphins. they react with receptors in our brain and reduce perception Of pain.

  benefit of exercise is inner harmony and motivation
• What is the evidence for endorphin

  Boecker used PET scans and found an Increase in endorphins in 10 athletes after a 2 hour run
• What is the neurotransmitter hypothesis

  When we exercise more neurotransmitters are released. And example being ECB. they are messengers that control and reduce pain. Feelings of reward and encouragement
• What is the evidence for neurotransmitters

  Rachien used 10 participants and made them run for 10 minutes . They all had higher rates of ECB after the run
• What is HRQL

  health related quality of life. Individual perception of life based on bodily function. As people age our health declines and so does our confidence.
• What is self esteem 


  How much we value ourselves. taking part in a sport can increase self esteem and is a motivational factor
• What is the key research 


  Lewis et al
• What was the aim of Lewis

  To investigate the effect of dance on mood in elderly participants especially those with Parkinson’s disease
• What was the method of Lewis et al

  Repeated measures and matched pairs

  2 x IV = PD or no PD , short term or long term

  DV = measure of mood
• What was the sample of Lewis et al

  37 people and 22 had PD

  all 50-80 years old
• Procedure of Lewis et al

  All gave informal consent. Took the POMS questionaire at the start of the experiment. Took part in a 10 week dance course. 50 minute classes with a different dance style each week (bolly wood and cheerleading) the BRUMS questionaire was done at a random point in the week. Then retook POMS
• Findings of Lewis

  There were only 29 results to analyse as 5 didn’t complete the questionaire.

  The mood score was lower after the 10 week course
• Conclusions of Lewis

  For the elderly and those with PD dance can benefit well being.
• What are the two applications to mental health with sport

  Dance aerobics

  rowing