Respiratory system and ventilation

• What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  To supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
• Why do you need to get oxygen into your blood?

  To supply your cells for respiration
• What do you need to get out of your blood?

  Carbon dioxide
• Where does gas exchange occur in the body?

  In the lungs
• What is the thorax?

  The top part of your body
• How is the thorax separated from the lower part of the body?

  By a muscle called the diaphragm
• What are the lungs surrounded by?

  Pleural membranes
• How are the lungs protected?

  By the rib cage and intercostal muscles
• What happens to the air when you breathe in?

  It goes through the trachea
• What are the two tubes that the trachea splits into called?

  Bronchi
• What do bronchi split into?

  Smaller tubes called bronchioles
• What are the smallest tubes in the lungs called?

  Bronchioles
• Where do bronchioles end?

  In small bags called alveoli
• What occurs in the alveoli?

  Gas exchange takes place
• What is the role of intercostal muscles?

  To assist in breathing
• What happens to thorax volume during inhalation?

  It increases
• What effect does increasing thorax volume have on pressure?

  It decreases pressure
• What happens to air during inhalation?

  Air is drawn into the lungs
• What is the relationship between thorax volume and air pressure?

  Increased volume leads to decreased pressure
• What is the diaphragm's role in breathing?

  It contracts to increase thorax volume
• What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?

  It relaxes
• What is the effect of the diaphragm relaxing?

  It decreases thorax volume
• What is the result of decreased thorax volume?

  Air is pushed out of the lungs
• What is the role of the pleural membranes?

  To protect and lubricate the lungs
• What is the function of the diaphragm?

  To separate the thorax from the abdomen
• What happens to the pressure in the thorax when the diaphragm contracts?

  The pressure decreases
• What is the significance of air pressure changes in breathing?

  It facilitates air movement in and out
• What is the primary gas exchanged in the alveoli?

  Oxygen
• What is the role of the diaphragm in inhalation?

  It contracts to create negative pressure
• How does the thorax volume change during exhalation?

  It decreases
• What happens to the air pressure in the thorax during inhalation?

  It becomes lower than atmospheric pressure
• What is the function of the intercostal muscles?

  To assist with the expansion and contraction of the thorax
• What is the effect of the diaphragm contracting on thorax volume?

  It increases thorax volume
• What is the relationship between thorax volume and air pressure during breathing?

  Increased volume leads to decreased pressure
• What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system?

  To facilitate gas exchange
• What happens to the air pressure in the thorax when the diaphragm relaxes?

  It increases
• What is the significance of the diaphragm in respiration?

  It controls airflow into the lungs
• What is the role of the pleural membranes in the respiratory system?

  To protect and lubricate the lungs
• How does the diaphragm contribute to breathing?

  It changes thorax volume to facilitate airflow
• What is the effect of increased thorax volume on air pressure?

  It decreases air pressure