Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• Abraham Maslow in 1943 came up with the concept of individual workers having similar needs, specifically five needs: physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs
• Individual workers are always motivated by the next need


  Once a particular need has been met, they would be motivated by the need above that
• Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs


  • Physiological needs
  • Safety needs
  • Social needs
  • Esteem needs
  • Self-actualization needs
• Physiological needs


  Basic needs such as food, shelter, or in a business sense, a wage to exist
• Safety needs


  Security or safety, in a workplace context, this could mean job security, safe working conditions
• Social needs

  A sense of belonging to a team, in a business sense, providing canteens, social gatherings
• Esteem needs


  Recognition from workers' peers, promotion, recognition by peers
• Self-actualization needs


  About meeting one's potential, upskilling into new areas
• According to Maslow, self-actualization is impossible to ever fully fulfill
• Criticisms of Maslow's model include difficulty for managers to determine where individual workers are in terms of layers to understand what motivates them, and doubts about the correct order of the hierarchy