memuhrize

• 1. cut out & record mass of several potato cylinders using BALANCE
  2. prepare sucrose solution with different concentrations
  3. Place potato cylinders into sucrose solutions
  4. Remove cylinders, pat dry & record final mass
  5. calculate % change for each cylinder
  6. repeat @ call average % change for each sucrose concentration
  7. plot % change (x) against sucrose concentration (y)
  8. draw line of best fit & find concentration where % change = 0
• magnification= image size / real size
• m->cm = x100

  cm-> mm = x10

  mm-> µm = x1000 (micrometer)

  µm-> nm = x1000 (nano)
• resolution: ability to distinguish 2 points in an image
• | light microscopes

  + colour image

  + cheap

  + can view live specimen

  + not complex

  — lower resolution

  —lower magnification

  — can’t see small organelles like ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplast
• | electron microscope

  + higher resolution

  + higher magnification

  + can see organelles
• | food tests

  • BIURET for protein.
  • blue = NO protein
  • purple = protein
• | food tests

  • IODINE for starch
  • orange = NO starch
  • blue = starch
• | food tests

  • SUDAN III for LIPIDS
  • red= NO lipids
  • 2 layers= lipids
• | food tests

  • benedict for sugar
  • change between green-red= SUGAR

  ben is addicted to sugar!!!!!
• | investigating enzymes

  • put starch & amylase into boiling tubes and in water bath at 20 degrees
  • mix together with iodine solution
  • Pipette mixture to spotting tile every 10 seconds
  • Record time of colour changes from blue to brown
  • repeat & get average time
  • repeat with different temperatures and record time
  • keep volume, pH & concentration constant
• | circulatory system

  Heart pumps blood around the body via two circuits- one pumping DEOXYGENATED blood to lungs, other pumping oxygenated to body
• pacemaker controls heart beat
• artificial can be put in atrium for faulty heart beats. dont go near magnets
• blood vessels: one cell thick, smooth muscle to stop vessels from bursting, small holes for exchange
• artery: thicker muscles to withstand high pressure & small lumen to maintain high pressure

  Vein: low pressure valve to prevent backflow