Mod 1, 2, 3, 4

• Prejudice is a preconceived opinion toward a person based solely on their affiliation with a group. May be translated into action by discriminating.
• Bias is a tendency to lean in a certain direction either in favor of or against something.
• Types of Prejudice:

  • Racism
  • Sexism
  • Sexual Prejudice
  • Ageism Prejudice
  • Classism
  • Ableism
  • Religion
• Types of Bias:

  • Anchoring Bias
  • Media Bias
  • Confirmation Bias
  • Conformity Bias
  • Halo Effect
• Argumentative text is used when you are arguing for or against a claim or trying to persuade someone to agree with you.
• A persuasive paragraph tries to convince the reader that a point of view is worthy of consideration. Wants you to consider both sides but biased towards one.
• Parts of an argumentative text:

  1. Introduction - Contains thesis statement.
  2. Body - Should begin with a topic sentence.
  3. Rebuttal - Contains objections and proves why it is wrong.
  4. Conclusion - Restates main points and leaves a strong impression.
• Extracting Info from an Argumentative Text:

  • Claim
  • Data
  • Warrant
  • Counterargument
  • Rebuttal
  • Conclusion statement
• Claim - The position in relation to the topic.
• Data - Supports the claim with a fact, statistic, quote, percentage, etc. and cite where the information came from.
• Warrant - Explains how to evidence support the claim. Usually 2-3 sentences.
• Counterargument - A logical counterclaim that uses language to show conflicting viewpoint.
• Rebuttal - Uses data to discredit the counterclaim.
• Conclusion - Summarizes the main points.
• Ethos - A way of convincing the readers.
• Pathos - A way of connecting with the readers.
• Logos - Use of facts, information, statistics, to make the argument convincing.
• Types of Evidence:

  • Direct Evidence - Evidence that can stand alone.
  • Indirect/Circumstantial Evidence - Set of facts that must be taken together to prove something.
• PROVE IT:

  P - Passage

  R - Reference

  O - Offer support

  V - View of Author

  E - Eye can see it

  I - Inference

  T - Text Feature
• Passage - Evidence found somewhere in the passage.
• Reference - The specific location of the text.
• Offer support - Connection between the question and evidence.
• View of Author - Provides the author's perspective.
• Eyes can see it - Something that is seen in the text.
• Inference - Something that is not stated in the text and needs clues.
• Text Features - Helps the reader understand the text.
• C.R.A.A.P Method:

  C - Currency

  R - Relevance

  A - Authority

  A - Accuracy

  P - Purpose
• Currency - Timeliness of information.
• Relevance - Importance of the information.
• Authority - Source of the information.
• Accuracy - Reliability, truthfulness, and correctness of information.
• Purpose - Reason the information exists.
• Feedback - Used as basis for improvement.
• Informal Feedback - Can occur at any times as it is spontaneous and unplanned.
• Peer Feedback - When people receive feedbacks from people at the same level as them.
• Self-feedback - Ultimate goal of feedback for learning. It is when people reflect on themselves.
• Formal Feedback - It is planned, structured, and organized.
• Constructive Feedback - May be positive, negative, or neutral.