plant hormones

• Auxins

  1. Stimulate cell elongation, root development, and apical dominance

  2. Play a role in phototropism and gravitropism
• Gibberellins (GAs)

  1. Promote stem elongation, seed germination, and fruit development

  2. Regulate flowering and help break seed dormancy
• Cytokinins

  1. Stimulate cell division and promote shoot and root development

  2. Interact with auxins to control various aspects of plant growth
• Abscisic Acid (ABA)

  1. Inhibits growth, induces dormancy, and promotes seed maturation

  2. Plays a crucial role in the plant's response to abiotic stress, such as drought
• Ethylene

  1. Regulates fruit ripening, senescence, and the response to various stresses, including pathogen attack

  2. Plays a role in root and shoot growth
• Brassinosteroids

  1. Promote cell elongation and division, enhance xylem differentiation

  2. Play a role in seed germination and resistance to stress
• Jasmonic Acid (JA)

  1. Regulates plant response to wounding, herbivores, and pathogens

  2. Plays a role in root growth and development
• Salicylic Acid (SA)

  1. Involved in the plant's defense against pathogens, especially biotrophic pathogens

  2. Induces systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to protect the plant from future infections
• Polyamines

  1. Involved in various processes such as cell division, differentiation, and response to environmental stress

  2. Play a role in root and shoot development
• Strigolactones

  1. Inhibit shoot branching, promote mycorrhizal associations in roots

  2. Regulate root development
• Hormones are chemical messengers produced by one part of an organism to regulate or control another part of the same organism.