MALE/FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE DISEASES

• Bartholin glands - either side of the entrance to the vagina
• Lactobacillus acidophilus - makes the uterus acidic, these bacteria suppress the growth of anaerobes and produce lactic acid, which maintains normal pH.
• Lactobacilli produces - Lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide
• Vaginitis (inflammation of the vagina)
• Candidiasis - is a fungal or yeast infection caused by strains of

  Candida
• vaginal discharge of candidiasis is cottage cheese–like appearance
• Bacterial vaginosis is caused by an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria and Gardnerella vaginalis normally found in the vagina and an absence of lactobacilli.
• Bacterial vaginosis discharge is gray to yellowish white in color, fishlike

  odor.
• Metronidazole and Clindamycin - medication for bacterial vaginosis
• Trichomonas vaginalis - a flagellated protozoan that causes a common STI often called trich.
• Anus - vacuum
• Vagina - expeller
• Trichomoniasis vaginal discharge that is thin (sometimes

  frothy), yellow to yellow-green, malodorous, and very irritating.
• metronidazole and tinidazole - medication for trichomoniasis
• Leukorrhea - (vaginal discharge) may cause itching and burning.
• dyspareunia - pain with penile–vaginal intercourse.
• Human papillomavirus - can be found in lesions of the skin, cervix, vagina, anus, penis, and oral cavity.
• More than 100 genotypes of HPV that exist
• HPV, 6 and 11 can cause condylomata
• condylomata - warty growths
• Trichloroacetic acid, Podophyllin, Cryotherapy - medications for HPV
• Herpes simplex virus 2 - recurrent, lifelong viral infection that

  causes herpetic lesions (blisters) on the external genitalia and occasionally the vagina and cervix.
• herpes labialis - cold sores of the lips
• Herpes can transmit through - mouth, oropharynx, mucosal surface, vagina, or cervix
• Influenza like symptoms in herpes may occur 3 or 4 days after the lesions appear.
• Herpes is transmitted mainly by direct contact.
• Endocervicitis is an inflammation of the mucosa and the glands of the cervix
• Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by infection with the Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterium.
• Chlamydia - It can cause permanent damage to a woman's reproductive system. 
• Doxycycline, Azithromycin - medications for chlamydia
• Azithromycin, Ceftriaxone - medications for gonorrhea
• Gonorrhea complications from delayed or no treatment

  are tubal disease, ectopic pregnancy, PID, and infertility.
• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an inflammation of the upper female reproductive or INFLAMMATION OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE
• Polymicrobial - there are a lot of microbes
• salpingitis - inflammation of the fallopian tube
• salpingitis - is chlamydia, possibly accompanied by gonorrhea.
• Obstruction may cause an ectopic pregnancy in the future if a fertilized egg cannot pass a tubal stricture, or scar tissue may occlude the tubes, resulting in sterility.