A living inferno that’s what they said, full of hot molten materials and rocks that are laid, convection can take place, magnetic field is always its ace
CORE
A layer with full of rocks, upper and lower are its parts, region of asthenosphere is its might, where magma is always on the rise
MANTLE
Known as method of heat transfer, high pressure and temperature are its trigger, radiation might be produced, even tectonics can be induced
CONVECTION
Thin layer that's how it's described, full of mystery and very fiery, composed of hot molten materials and bring on radiation
ASTHENOSPHERE
Thin layer that's how it's described, full of mystery and very fiery, composed of hot molten materials and bring on radiation
Structure of the Earth
Composed of layers
A terrestrial planet
Composed of Crust, Upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core and Inner core
Made of atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere
CRUST
1. Brittle part of the Earth
2. Thickness: 5 km to 10km from ocean basins, composed of basalt and granite
3. 25 km to 70 from the continents
4. Common elements: 46.6% O, 27.7% Si, 6.1% Al, 3.6% C2., 2.8% Na, 2.6% K, 2.1% Mg
MANTLE
1. Dense layer
2. Thickness: 100km
3. Outer mantle: Rocks, magnesium oxide
4. Inner Mantle: hot molten
5. Composition: molten silicate rocks, 55% Oli i 35% 5% t
CORE
1. Hottest layer of the Earth
2. Source of the Earth’s magnetic field
3. Made of iron and nickel
4. Outer Core: liquid hot molten materials 2,200km thick
5. Inner Core
Parts of the Earth
Lithosphere- stone (litho)
Hydrosphere- water (hydro)
Atmosphere- air (atmo)
Biosphere- life (bio)
Hydrosphere
Composed of water which circulates on earth
Includes ocean, seas, rivers, lakes and even moisture in the air
Covers 71% of Earth
Current transports heat across vast distances
Atmosphere
Mass of air surrounding our planet
Composed of 79% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, and other gases
Held to Earth by Gravity
Thins rapidly with altitude
Biosphere
Comprises all living organisms
Includes plants, animals, single-celled organisms
Includes uppermost geosphere, the hydrosphere, and the lower parts of the atmosphere
Very thin layer at Earth’s surface
The Earth's core is the hottest layer of the Earth
The Earth's core is the source of the Earth’s magnetic field
Core
Made of iron and nickel
Outer Core
Liquid hot molten materials
2,200km thick
Inner Core
Solid, 1200km thick
Temperature ranges from 4000°C to 5000°C
Troposphere Altitude: Extends from ground level up to about 10 km (6.2 miles) above sea level.
Characteristics:
We live in the troposphere, and nearly all weather phenomena occur here.
Most clouds form in this layer due to the abundance of water vapor.
Air pressure decreases and temperatures get colder with increasing altitude
Stratosphere:
Altitude: Spans from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km (31 miles) above the ground.
Notable Feature: Contains the ozone layer, which absorbs high-energy ultraviolet (UV) light from the Sun, converting it into heat.
Temperature Trend: Unlike the troposphere, the stratosphere gets warmer as you ascend.
Flight Zone: Commercial passenger jets fly in the lower stratosphere due to its smoother ride.
Mesosphere:
Altitude: Extends upward to approximately 85 km (53 miles) above Earth.
Significance: Most meteors burn up in this layer.
Temperature Change: Temperatures decrease again as you rise through the mesosphere.
Extreme Cold: The coldest temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere (around -90°C or -130°F) are found near the top of the mesosphere.
Thermosphere:
Altitude: Located above the mesosphere.
Energy Absorption: Absorbs high-energy X-rays and UV radiation from the Sun, raising its temperature to hundreds or even thousands of degrees.
Thin Air: The air is extremely thin, making it feel freezing cold despite the high temperatures.
Space Boundary: The approximate boundary between our atmosphere and outer space (known as the Kármán Line) lies in the thermosphere at an altitude of about 100 km.
Satellite Orbits: Many satellites orbit Earth within the thermosphere
Exosphere:
Outermost Layer: Extends from about 375 miles (600 km) to 6,200 miles (10,000 km) above Earth.
Characteristics: Atoms and molecules escape into space from this layer, and satellites orbit our planet here