LAYERS OF THE EARTH ELS 2

Cards (24)

  • Layers of the Earth
    • Crust
    • Core
    • Mantle
  • CRUST
    A living inferno that’s what they said, full of hot molten materials and rocks that are laid, convection can take place, magnetic field is always its ace
  • CORE
    A layer with full of rocks, upper and lower are its parts, region of asthenosphere is its might, where magma is always on the rise
  • MANTLE
    Known as method of heat transfer, high pressure and temperature are its trigger, radiation might be produced, even tectonics can be induced
  • CONVECTION

    Thin layer that's how it's described, full of mystery and very fiery, composed of hot molten materials and bring on radiation
  • ASTHENOSPHERE
    Thin layer that's how it's described, full of mystery and very fiery, composed of hot molten materials and bring on radiation
  • Structure of the Earth
    • Composed of layers
    • A terrestrial planet
    • Composed of Crust, Upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core and Inner core
    • Made of atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere
  • CRUST
    1. Brittle part of the Earth
    2. Thickness: 5 km to 10km from ocean basins, composed of basalt and granite
    3. 25 km to 70 from the continents
    4. Common elements: 46.6% O, 27.7% Si, 6.1% Al, 3.6% C2., 2.8% Na, 2.6% K, 2.1% Mg
  • MANTLE
    1. Dense layer
    2. Thickness: 100km
    3. Outer mantle: Rocks, magnesium oxide
    4. Inner Mantle: hot molten
    5. Composition: molten silicate rocks, 55% Oli i 35% 5% t
  • CORE
    1. Hottest layer of the Earth
    2. Source of the Earth’s magnetic field
    3. Made of iron and nickel
    4. Outer Core: liquid hot molten materials 2,200km thick
    5. Inner Core
  • Parts of the Earth
    • Lithosphere- stone (litho)
    • Hydrosphere- water (hydro)
    • Atmosphere- air (atmo)
    • Biosphere- life (bio)
  • Hydrosphere
    • Composed of water which circulates on earth
    • Includes ocean, seas, rivers, lakes and even moisture in the air
    • Covers 71% of Earth
    • Current transports heat across vast distances
  • Atmosphere
    • Mass of air surrounding our planet
    • Composed of 79% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, and other gases
    • Held to Earth by Gravity
    • Thins rapidly with altitude
  • Biosphere
    • Comprises all living organisms
    • Includes plants, animals, single-celled organisms
    • Includes uppermost geosphere, the hydrosphere, and the lower parts of the atmosphere
    • Very thin layer at Earth’s surface
  • The Earth's core is the hottest layer of the Earth
  • The Earth's core is the source of the Earth’s magnetic field
  • Core
    Made of iron and nickel
  • Outer Core
    • Liquid hot molten materials
    • 2,200km thick
  • Inner Core
    • Solid, 1200km thick
    • Temperature ranges from 4000°C to 5000°C
    • Troposphere Altitude: Extends from ground level up to about 10 km (6.2 miles) above sea level.
    • Characteristics:
    • We live in the troposphere, and nearly all weather phenomena occur here.
    • Most clouds form in this layer due to the abundance of water vapor.
    • Air pressure decreases and temperatures get colder with increasing altitude
  • Stratosphere:
    • Altitude: Spans from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km (31 miles) above the ground.
    • Notable Feature: Contains the ozone layer, which absorbs high-energy ultraviolet (UV) light from the Sun, converting it into heat.
    • Temperature Trend: Unlike the troposphere, the stratosphere gets warmer as you ascend.
    • Flight Zone: Commercial passenger jets fly in the lower stratosphere due to its smoother ride.
  • Mesosphere:
    • Altitude: Extends upward to approximately 85 km (53 miles) above Earth.
    • Significance: Most meteors burn up in this layer.
    • Temperature Change: Temperatures decrease again as you rise through the mesosphere.
    • Extreme Cold: The coldest temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere (around -90°C or -130°F) are found near the top of the mesosphere.
  • Thermosphere:
    • Altitude: Located above the mesosphere.
    • Energy Absorption: Absorbs high-energy X-rays and UV radiation from the Sun, raising its temperature to hundreds or even thousands of degrees.
    • Thin Air: The air is extremely thin, making it feel freezing cold despite the high temperatures.
    • Space Boundary: The approximate boundary between our atmosphere and outer space (known as the Kármán Line) lies in the thermosphere at an altitude of about 100 km.
    • Satellite Orbits: Many satellites orbit Earth within the thermosphere
  • Exosphere:
    • Outermost Layer: Extends from about 375 miles (600 km) to 6,200 miles (10,000 km) above Earth.
    • Characteristics: Atoms and molecules escape into space from this layer, and satellites orbit our planet here