CHAPTER 4

• Any such ordered arrangement of a set of numbers is called a sequence.
• Each of the numbers of a sequence is called a term of the sequence
• A sequence of values that follows a pattern of adding a fixed amount from one term to the next is referred to as an arithmetic sequence.
• Common difference (d) - the fixed amount in an arithmetic sequence
• A sequence of values that follows a pattern of multiplying a fixed amount from one term to the next is referred to as a geometric sequences.
• Common ration (r) - The fixed amount in a geometric sequence.
• The fibonacci sequence is a set of numbers developed by Leonardo Fibonacci as a means of solving practical problems.
• Abstract reasoning refers to the ability to analyze information, detect patterns, and relationships, and solve problems on a complex, intangible level.
• A fractal is a rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be split into parts, each of which is approximately a reduced size copy of the whole.
• An initiator is a starting shape
• A generator is an arranged collection of scaled copies of the initiator
• A figure has symmetry with respect to a given line if the figure on one side of the line is a mirror image of the other
• A reflection or flip is a transformation which creates symmetry on a plane.
• Translation is a movement done by sliding a figure from one point to another about a plane.
• A rotation is a transformation that turns a figure about a fixed point called the center of rotation.
• A dilation is a transformation which is used to resize the object.
• Scale factor is a number by which the size of any geometrical figure or shape can be changed with respect to its original size.
• Glide reflection - a combination of a translation and a reflection
• Frieze patterns - An infinite strip with a repeating pattern
• If a dilation creates a larger image, then it is known as enlargement
• If a dilation creates a smaller image, then it is known as reduction