extra oral assessment

• What percentage of patients report having an oral cancer screening?

  20%
• How many new head and neck cancer cases occur in the UK each year?

  12,200
• What is the daily average of new head and neck cancer cases in the UK?

  34 cases per day
• What is the rank of head and neck cancer among common cancers in the UK?

  8th most common cancer
• What percentage of all new cancer cases does head and neck cancer account for in the UK?

  3%
• What additional health issues are assessed during an extra oral examination?

  Nutritional deficiencies and systemic disease signs
• What is a lesion?

  A change in organ or tissue structure
• What should be checked for during an extra oral examination?

  Swellings and asymmetry
• Why is it important to consider different skin tones during examinations?

  Lesions may appear differently on various tones
• What is the first method used in an extra oral examination?

  Observation
• What does palpation assess during an examination?

  Tenderness, texture, and masses
• What sounds are detected through auscultation?

  Clicking of TMJ and slurred speech
• What odors might be detected during an examination?

  Alcohol and halitosis
• What are lymph nodes described as?

  Bean-shaped bodies in clusters
• What is the health status of lymph nodes in a healthy individual?

  Small, soft, and mobile
• What does lymphadenopathy indicate?

  Enlarged lymph nodes
• What percentage of oral cancer patients have enlarged lymph nodes?

  63%
• What is checked in the frontal region during an examination?

  Firm continuous skin and tenderness
• What could a temperature increase in the frontal region indicate?

  Possible infection of sinuses
• What is checked in the orbital regions?

  Eye movement and responses to light
• What does discolouration of the sclera indicate?

  Possible jaundice or trauma
• What signs might indicate domestic abuse in the orbital region?

  Signs of paralysis or bruising
• What is checked in the nasal region during an examination?

  Firm continuous smooth skin
• What could cold sores in the nasal region indicate?

  Possible viral infection
• What is checked in the infraorbital and zygomatic regions?

  Smooth firm continuous skin
• What is assessed in the anterior midline cervical region?

  Thyroid gland and hyoid bone
• What does a goitre indicate in the anterior midline cervical region?

  Enlarged thyroid gland
• What is checked in the parietal and occipital regions?

  Firm continuous debris-free scalp
• What is assessed in the temporal and auricular regions?

  Enlarged auricular nodes
• What signs are checked for in the buccal region?

  Smooth, firm, continuous skin
• What is checked in the mental region?

  Smooth, firm, continuous skin
• What is assessed in the submandibular and submental triangles?

  Symmetry of muscles, glands, and nodes
• What is checked in the anterior and posterior cervical triangles?

  Smooth, firm, continuous skin
• What is the focus of the intraoral examination?

  Methodically check various oral structures
• What areas are checked during an intraoral examination?

  • Lips
  • Cheeks / Buccal sulcus
  • Hard and soft palate
  • Floor of mouth
  • Tongue (lateral borders, dorsum, ventral surface)
• What items should be brought for the clinic next week?

  • Toothbrush
  • Consent form
  • Medical history
  • Scrubs
  • Clinical handbook/Standard Operating Procedures