MIDTERM - ANTIBACTERIALS

• Antibiotics - substance produce by microorganisms which has capacity to inhibit growth and destruction of other microorganisms.
• Penicillin is the first antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming
• Modern definition of antibiotics

  • product of metabolism
  • synthetic product produce as structural analog of a naturally-occuring antibiotic
  • effective in low concentration
  • antagonize growth or survival of one or more microorganisms
• Antibiotic must exhibit sufficient selective toxicity
• Antibiotics should be chemically stable enough for reasonable length of time deterioration of potency.
• 4 types of antibiotics

  • Broad-spectrum
  • Narrow-spectrum
  • Bactericidal
  • Bacteriostatic
• Penicillin G is also known as benzylpenicillin
• Penicillin V is also known as phenoxymethyl penicillin
• Penicillin G - given IV and use as a treatment for Rheumatic Heart Disease and Syphilis
• Methicillin - a.k.a 2,6-dimethoxyphenyl penicillin
• Vancomycin is known as the "reserve drug"
• Side effect of Vancomycin is Red man syndrome
• Nafcillin - a.k.a. 2-ethoxy-1-naphthylpenicillin