The second law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity.
the formula for momentum is p= mass x velocity or mv
Newtons third law of motion: For every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force
the unit for momentum is kgms-1
The SI unit for speed is metres per second (m/s)
The SI unit for acceleration is metre per second squared (m/s2)
The formula to calculate the average speed over a distance is vavg = total displacement / time taken
The formula to calculate acceleration from a velocity-time graph is a = gradient of line
The formula to calculate the instantaneous velocity at any point on a graph is velocity = change in displacement / change in time
impulse is the change in momentum of an object. it is the product of the force and the time taken for the force to act
the formula to calculate momentum is p = mv
momentum is conserved when there are no external forces acting on an isolated system
The law of conservation of momentum states that "For two or more bodies in a collision, the total momentumbefore the collision is equal to the totalmomentumafter the collision."
Formula for impulse: impulse = force x time taken for the force to act
For a force-time graph, impulse(p) = area under the graph
resultant force = ma
acceleration is change in velocity over time
Newtons 1st law states "If a body is at rest or in motion, it will continue to remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by an external force."
with reference to newton's first law of motion, the rocket ship is able to keep moving at constant velocity due to no resultant forces acting on the body, and due to the inertia of the rocket ship.
As the rockets are fired, a force and mass of gas is expelled from the back. this causes a change in velocity and therefore a change in momentum. An equal and opposite force is exerted on the rocket causing it to accelerate and move forward.
gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass in a gravitational field.