Classification & Evolution

Cards (16)

List the 8 Taxonomic levels:
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What does the phylum in the taxonomic levels use to group organisms?
Body plan
As you go down the 8 taxonomic levels....
the differences are smaller
becomes more specific
requires detailed description
Why do we use the binomial naming system?
common names do not work ∵ translation of languages may give a different name
Latin is a universal language ∴ becomes a universal name, avoids confusion
List all the types of variation:
discontinuous
continuous
interspecific
intraspecific
What causes variation:
Genetic
Environmental
Explain why bats and birds, despite not being closely related, have both evolved wings.
similar lifestyle
similar selection pressure
wings are advantageous for their survival - its alleles are passed to the next generation
Why do the vast majority of bird species have not evolved the ability to echolocated?
they do not need it as they are active during the day
reduced visibility is not an issue
Explain how scientists are able to estimate the age of extinct organisms.
the study of fossils
the deeper the fossil in the ground, the older the organism
Why is just comparing the lengths of different species as an observation not valid? 
age needs to be taken into account
a large sample should be used ∵ its better to find an average
the comparison of absolute lengths cannot be made
What is the role of segments in organisms?
allows flexibility
State three biological molecules that can be used to provide evidence that species have evolved.
DNA
rRNA
Cytochrome C
Modern classification reflects phylogeny
Define Heterotrophic:
An organism that consumes food made by autotrophics
Define Autotrophics:
An organism that makes their own food
State the biological molecule *commonly* used to determine evolutionary relationships?
rRNA

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