Apply assumptions of cog app for human behaviour (10)

• Computer analogy

  • P: one assumption of cog approach is that mind functions like a computer.

  • E: this is seen in multistore model of memory (Atkinson and shriffin, 1968) which suggests information is input via senses, processed in short-term memory, then stored or output into long-term memory

  • E: analogy helps explain behaviours like recalling phone number: we take in the digits (input), rehearse them (processing), and then speak or dial them (output). Implies mental functioning follows logical, systematic pattern similar to software in a computer

  • L: by understanding how info is processed in stages, we can explain behaviours like decision-making + memory recall using a computational model
• Internal mental processes

  • P: key assumption is behaviour is a result of internal mental processes like perception, memory, and attention

  • E: e.g. Recognising a dog involves focusing attention, perceiving its features, retrieving a matching concept from memory, and using language to name it

  • E: processes interact rapidly and automatically to help us interpret and respond to world around us. Not directly observable, psychologists infer these processes through methods like introspection and experimental tasks

  • L: assumption helps explain complex behaviours like problem-solving or reading, where multiple unseen mental processes are at work simultaneously
• Schemas

  • P: cog approach also assumes schemas guide our behaviour by shaping our expectations + interpretations

  • E: schemas are mental frameworks built from experience; e.g. A ’burglar’ schema might include belief burglars are young males wearing balaclavas.

  • E: schemas influence how we interpret new info. If we see someone suspicious near our house, our burglar schema may lead us to assume criminal intent, even without direct evidence. While useful, schemas can lead to biases or stereotypes

  • L: assumption explains how past experiences influence current perceptions and judgements, often outside of conscious awareness