ethnic differences

• reasons for increased lone-parent & female headed families among blacks

  -slavery

  -high unemployment

  -independence in women
• increase in lone-parent & female headed- slavery

  -couples were sold seperately

  -children stayed at home with women

  -pattern continued generationally
• increase in lone-parent & female headed - high unemployment

  -causes friction in relationship

  -maritaral breakdown > unable to provide for family

  -black men more likely to be unemployed
• increase in lone-parent & female headed - independence of women

  -Mirza argues trend isn't evidence for family organisation

  -black women place high value on independence
• evaluation of reasons why lone-parent & female headed black families increased

  -Reynolds argues rate of black single parent families is inflated

  -many 'single parents' are actually stable
• asian families


  -more likely than other ethnicities to be:

  > larger in size - culture of having more children