CHAP 1

• Science originally came from the Latin word “scientia” which means knowledge
• scientia - knowledge
• science is a particular way of understanding the natural world – through observation, experimentation, and testing of theories.
• Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
• Society is a grouping of individuals, which is characterized by common interest and may have distinctive culture and institutions
• SCIENCE are:

  1. Science is an empirical field
  2. Science is a Systematic Field
  3. Science Covers General Truths and Facts
  4. Science is a Total Societal Enterprise
• TECHNOLOGY are:

  1. Technology is an Applied Science
  2. Technology is a Body of Knowledge and Skills by which We Control and Modify the World
  3. Technology is a Total Societal Enterprise
• From the Greek word empeirikos meaning "experienced
• From the Greek word empeirikos meaning "experienced
• empirical was originally used in medicine for doctors making choices based on observation and experiment rather than theoretical ideas
• science as an empirical field simply means that it is a body of knowledge built up out of the elements of experience
• use your senses

  1. seeing
  2. hearing
  3. tasting
  4. touching
  5. smelling
• we use our common sense above all! Simply put, science is not science without proof
• When we say something is systematic, it follows specific steps in order to reach a certain conclusion.
• science as it requires a system so it can work
• science core lies a problem-solving approach called the scientific method
• Science Covers General Truths and Facts

  In this day of fake news and conspiracy theories, it’s quite difficult to know the truth about almost anything. So how do you get truths and facts? Fortunately, science is there! Proper application of the scientific method allows us to get to the truth through careful observation and rigorous testing and re-examination of
• science achieves social impact alongside a financial return
• science is a balance between

  1. profit
  2. social value
• Science should not be seen as just for the advancement of knowledge, nor as a mere economic activity, providing products and services to generate income, no
• Science is mainly there to develop relevant, effective, and accessible solutions according to the needs of the community.
• Science generally means state of knowing or possessing knowledge that is sufficiently general, clearly conceptualized, carefully reasoned, systematically organized, critically examined, and empirically tested.
• Applied science is a discipline that is used to apply existing scientific method and knowledge drawn from conclusions to develop more practical goals and applications
• Technology is one of the fruits of studies and discoveries in scientific history.
• Technological advancement is made possible because of scientific research, knowledge, and discoveries.
• Technology, in essence, is one of the many applications of science.
• But with the rise of capitalism, the financial value is now being considered more than the social value.
• Just like science, technology is supposedly a total societal enterprise. Again, that means that social welfare or benefit of the community must always be in the picture.
• Society is a group of people with common interests, traditions, purpose, and/or activity
• Human societies are characterized by patterns of relationships (social relations) between individuals who share a distinctive culture and institutions
• A society can enable its members to benefit in ways that would not otherwise be possible on an individual basis
• Interconnections of STS

  Science aims to improve society. When society improves, it develops hunger for further improvement and so demands more from science. Society also benefits from technology because technology makes life easier for society. When technology is newly created, society enjoys its benefits, but as further problem arises, some technology needs to be improved and so technology demands from science because in most cases science informs technology
• Science and Technology Studies (STS) is a relatively new academic field
• STS roots lie in the interwar period and continue into the start of the Cold War, when historians and sociologists of science, and scientists themselves, became interested in the relationship between scientific knowledge, technological systems, and society.
• Its roots lie in the interwar period and continue into the start of the Cold War, when historians and sociologists of science, and scientists themselves, became interested in the relationship between scientific knowledge, technological systems, and society.
• The best-known product of this interest was Thomas Kuhn’s classic 1962 study, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.
• The best-known product of this interest was Thomas Kuhn’s classic 1962 study, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.
• Structure of scientific revolution influential work helped crystallize a new approach to historical and social studies of science, in which scientific facts were seen as products of scientists’ socially conditioned investigations rather than as objective representations of nature.
• STS is only offered at the University of the Philippines Diliman but in 2013, the Commission on Higher Education adopted the course and included STS in the list of General Education subject offerings of colleges and universities in the entire country.
• STS is only offered at the University of the Philippines Diliman but in 2013, the Commission on Higher Education adopted the course and included STS in the list of General Education subject offerings of colleges and universities in the entire country.