Clinical characteristics of disorders

• What is the DSM-V ?

  The Diagnostic Stafistical Manual of Mental Disorders - version 5 (American Psychiatric Association APA)
• What is the ICD-II

  International Classification of disorders - version 11 , created by the WHO
• What are phobias?

  • Extreme anxiety, irrational fear and concious avoidance of a feared object or situation
  • Anxiety disorders
• Symptoms of phobias:

  • Agrophobia -> fear of public /open places
  • Specific phobias -> exposure to specific phobic objects or situations e.g. arachnophobia
  • Social phobias-> fear of social situations
• What is depression?

  a mood disorder
• What is OCD?

  • an anxiety disorder
  • Typically begins in young adulthood
• What are the two parts to OCD?

  • Obsessive thoughts -> persistent and intrusive
  • Compulsive behaviours -> repetitive behaviours
  • E.g. Obsessive thoughts about contamination and a compulsion to clean
• Behavioural characteristics of Phobias:

  • panic
  • Avoidance
  • Endurance
• Emotional characteristics of phobias:

  • Anxiety
  • Fear
  • Emotional response
• Cognitive characteristics of phobias:

  • selective attention
  • Irrational beliefs
  • Cognitive distortions
• Behavioural characteristics of depression :

  • Activity levels e.g. Lethargic
  • Disruption to eating / sleeping
  • Aggression / self harm
• Emotional Characteristics of depression:

  • lowered mood
  • Lowered self esteem
  • Anger
• Cognitive characteristics of depression:

  • poor concentration
  • Paying attention to the negatives
  • Absolutist thinking
• Behavioural characteristics of OCD:

  • repetitive compulsions
  • Compulsions reduce anxiety
  • Avoidance
• Emotional characteristics of OCD

  • anxiety and distress
  • Depression
  • Guilt and disgust
• Cognitive characteristics of OCD:

  • obsessive thoughts
  • Cognitive coping strategies
  • Insight into excessive anxiety