Biotechnology

• Microorganisms can be used by humans to produce foods and other useful substances
• Biofuels : are produced from natural products, often plant biomass containing carbohydrate

  As biofuels are produced from plants, they are renewable and theoretically carbon neutral
• some biofuels are produced by using microorganisms to anaerobically ferment carbohydrate in the plant material ─ as is the case with bioethanol and biogas production (each process uses different microorganisms)
• yeast is a single─celled fungus that uses sugar as its food source

  when it respires, ethanol and carbon dioxide are produced (and energy is released)
• lactic acid and oxygen react in the liver
• antibiotics do not help with viral infections