AO1

• What does resistance to social influence refer to?

  The ability to withstand social pressure
• What factors influence the ability to withstand social pressure?

  Situational and dispositional factors
• What are the two explanations for resistance to social influence?

  • Social support
  • Locus of control
• How does social support help individuals resist social influence?

  It provides models showing resistance is possible
• How does conformity change with the presence of a dissenting peer?

  Conformity is reduced by a dissenting peer
• What did Asch find about conformity when a confederate gave a different answer?

  Conformity reduced to 5.5%
• What happens to conformity when the dissenting answer is also wrong?

  Conformity is still reduced
• How does social support affect the majority's unanimous position?

  It breaks the unanimous positions of the majority
• How does obedience change with a dissenting partner?

  Obedience is reduced by a dissenting partner
• What was the drop in obedience when a participant was joined by a disobedient confederate?

  Obedience dropped from 65% to 10%
• What effect does a disobedient peer have on independent behavior?

  Independent behavior increased from 35% to 90%
• How does social support affect confidence in resisting obedience?

  It increases confidence to resist obedience
• What was the Rosenstrasse project about?

  • 1943 protest by German women in Berlin
  • Demanded release of Jewish men held by Gestapo
  • Women faced threats but stood firm
  • Their courage led to the release of the Jews
• What did one woman from the Rosenstrasse project say about dissent?

  People felt safe showing dissent among friends
• What is locus of control?

  • Sense of what directs events in life
  • Internal vs external locus of control
• What do individuals with an internal locus of control believe?

  They are responsible for what happens to them
• What do individuals with an external locus of control believe?

  Things happen without their own control
• How do people differ in explaining their successes and failures?

  There is a continuum between internal and external
• How does an internal locus of control affect resistance to social influence?

  It increases the likelihood of resistance
• What traits are associated with a high internal locus of control?

  Self-confidence, achievement orientation, higher intelligence
• How do these traits relate to resistance to social influence?

  They lead to greater resistance to social influence
• What characteristics do leaders have compared to followers?

  Leaders have less need for approval