Carbon Compounds as Fuels & Feedstock

• What is the formula of pentane?

  C5H12
• combustion of propane.

  C3H8 + 5O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
• What do oxides of nitrogen cause?

  Acid Raid
• What do particulate matter cause?

  Global dimming
•  How conical flasks be used to measure 50cm3 of liquid hydrocarbon?

  Improve accuracy
• Describe why sulfur should be removed from petrol.

  produces sulfur dioxide which causes acid rain
•  Fuels react with oxygen to release energy. Name the type of reaction that releases energy from a fuel.

  Exothermic
• Fuels react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide. The reaction of a fuel with oxygen can produce a different oxide of carbon. Name this different oxide of carbon and explain why it is produced.

  Carbon monoxide because there is incomplete combustion
• Give a reason why the carbon compounds produced are different

  Because of incomplete combustion
• Give a reason why sulfur dioxide is produced in a petrol engine.

  As nitrogen and oxygen react
• Suggest why adverts claim that using biodiesel is carbon neutral.

  burning biodiesel releases CO2 which is absorbed by the crops
• Why is there an increasing demand for biodiesel?

  Crude oil is running
• Describe and explain how the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere was changed by the formation of coal.

  carbon dioxide decreased and oxygen increased as coal stores carbon dioxide
• Name three elements that are in this coal.

  Carbon

  Hydrogen

  Sulfur
• Explain why the incomplete combustion of methane is dangerous.

  carbon monoxide is made this combines with the blood
• Energy profile diagrams

  
• Explain why, in terms of the energy involved in bond breaking and bond making, the combustion of methane is exothermic.

  energy is taken in energy is given out when bonds are made the energy given out is greater than the energy taken
• The sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen from cars cause an environmental problem. Name the problem and describe one effect of the problem.

  Acid rain

  Damages trees