★ W1 · UCSP (Finals) : Kinship, Marriage and Household.

• Kinship


  A social institution that refers to relations formed between members of society.
• Kinship


  • Defined by sociologists as different forms of socially accepted relations amongst people through:
  • Blood or consanguineal relationships
  • Marriage
  • Adoption
  • Other culturally accepted rituals
• Types of Kinship


  • Kinship by blood/Consanguineal kinship
  • Kinship by marriage/Affinal kinship
• Consanguineal kinship


  Kinship based on blood, considered as the most basic and general form of relations.
• Descent


  Refers to a biological relationship, children descend from parents have a biological relationship
• Lineage


  Refers to the line where one's descent is traced, can be paternal or maternal line or both
• Principles of Descent

  • Patrilineal
  • Matrilineal
  • Bilateral Descent
• Affinal kinship


  Refers to the type of relations developed when a marriage occurs, families of both the husband and the wife form social relations with each other
• Marriage


  An important social institution wherein two persons, a man and a woman, enter into family life and make a public, official, and permanent declaration of their union as lifetime couples
• Marriage Practices Across Cultures

  • Endogamy
  • Exogamy
  • Monogamy
  • Polygamy
• Endogamy


  The practice of marrying within a specific social group, caste, or ethnic group, rejecting those from others as unsuitable for marriage or other close personal relationships
• Exogamy


  The social norm of marrying outside one's social group, an individual is required by society's norms to marry outside of their own group
• Monogamy


  Marriage or sexual partnering practice where an individual has only one male or female partner
• Polygamy


  The practice of having more than one partner or sexual mate, can be Polygyny (a man has multiple female partners) or Polyandry (a woman has multiple male partners)
• Post Marital Residency Rules

  • Patrilocal rule of residence
  • Matrilocal rule of residence
  • Bilocal residence
• Referred Marriages


  Matchmakers help their single friends or relative to find their possible husband or wife by referring him or her to someone who is also interested in finding a partner
• Arranged/Fixed Marriages


  Marriage partners are arranged by parents of the groom and bride to ensure the young man and woman will marry the most appropriate person according to the rules set by the family, community, or religious group
• Types of Arranged/Fixed Marriages

  • Child marriage
  • Exchange marriage
• Family


  Those members of the household who are related, to a specific degree, through blood, adoption, or marriage
• Nuclear Family


  Type of family that is made up of people who are united by social, most of the time, it is made up of married couple and their biological children
• Extended Family


  Members of the family go beyond the nuclear family, including a single nuclear family and other persons related to the nucleus, two or more nuclear families related to each other, or two or more nuclear families that are related to each other plus persons related to at least one of the nuclear families
• Blended or Reconstituted Family

  Parents have a child from previous marital relationships but all members stay and congregate to form a new family unit, also called as step family, reconstituted, or complex family
• Household


  A one-person household refers to an arrangement in which one person makes a provision for his or her own food or other essentials for living without combining with any other person to form part of a multi-person household. A multi-person household refers to a group of two or more persons living together who make common provision for food or other essentials for living
• Political dynasties exist in the Philippines where most politicians elected in public offices and government positions are relatives, despite the provision of the 1987 Philippine Constitution that prohibits political dynasties in government
• Political alliances are also common in the Philippines, where political parties tend to forge cooperation with other stronger parties to ensure victory in the elections and receive more funds, resources and support from the ruling party