humanistic

• Free will: 

  It is when we are able to make our own collective divisions without the inference of biological and external forces acting upon us during the decision making. It rejects more scientific models as it attempts to establish general principles. As active agents we are all unique and the experiences that we go through are subjective to us as a person known as person- centred approach.
• Maslow’s hierarchy of needs:

  He was one of the main founders within psychology, and his hierarchy of needs was used to motivate our behaviour to reach our intended goals in life. To meet self-actualisation you have to meet all of your deficiency needs before. A person is only able to progress through the triangle if they have met the current need within the sequences starting with the bottom and working upwards.
• Self actualisation:

  All of the deficiency needs below this  on Maslow's triangle have to be met before they fulfil their ideal self  known as self - actualisation. Self- actualisation is the uppermost of the levels in the hierarchy of needs. Personal growth through this is needed as it helps you to fulfil, satisfy, and become goal-oriented. 
• The self vs ideal self; congruence vs incongruence:

  Self is the person that you are currently at this moment in time, and the ideal self is the goal you want to achieve within yourself and what you want to be and have to go through personal growth in order to reach this, as you have to develop and meet all of your physiological and deficiency needs.
• Conditions of worth vs unconditional positive regard:

  Unconditional positive regard is where a person receives enough love from their parents and guardians, and if they do not theory become incongruent. Conditions of worth depend on how the person feels about themselves, like if they're good enough and are involved in personal growth. 
• Conditions of worth vs unconditional positive regard:

  Unconditional positive regard is where a person receives enough love from their parents and guardians, and if they do not theory become incongruent. Conditions of worth depend on how the person feels about themselves, like if they're good enough and are involved in personal growth. 
• client centered therapy is available for people who have low self esteem and didnt receive enough unconditional positive regard as a child but cannot be used for individuals who have schizophrenia due to lack of grip on reality therefore unable to process thoughts and feelings
• -western culture bias to psychology as many of the ideologies of this approach are associated with free will etc, leading to it being associated with individualistic tendencies. Whereas many countries promote interdependence which is a healthy relationship between dependence and independence, therefore this approach may not apply to all countries. This suggests that  it is not a fair representation as it contains cultural context when developed.
• This approach is more optimistic as humanistic psychologists have been praised for getting humans back into psychology and creating a positive image on a human's condition, and thought that humans work towards their achievements.  Freud thought that us humans were prisoners of our past experiences. This shows that it provided an alternative optimistic route into psychology. 
•  On the other hand reductionism is seen as more scientific because sciences involve experiments and they reduce behaviour down into independent and dependent variables. The problem with this is that there are very few concepts that are able to be measured. This suggests that there is less validity with this as there is little empirical evidence to support their theory.
• rejects reductionism. Behaviourists explain human and animal behaviour and learning through simple stimulus connections, people who support cognitive approach think it's too simplified as we process information internally not externally, and it is more complex than they think. Sigmund Freud describes it as conflict between the 3 structures of behaviours, whereas humanistic psychologists advocate for holism  suggesting a subjective experience can only be considered by a whole person. This suggests that it can have more validity than other approaches as it takes the real world into context