msm

• Sensory register

  The sensory register has a high capacity and a short duration of 0.5 seconds. Very little of this information is passed onto the STM. It contains the 5 key senses taste, touch, smell, hear, and sight. Iconic is visual, and echoic is hearing. Thisnonly happens if the stimuli from everyday life is recognised.
• STM

  This is retained if we pay attention to the stimuli for long enough. The STM has a duration of around 18-30 secs. Capacity is very small, as if we hear new information within this time period then the old information can be displaced. It is usually coded acoustically. If not prolonged rehearsing then the information will decay and become lost.
• LTM

  This Is retained by prolonged rehearsal from the STM. It has unlimited storage, and the duration can last up to a lifetime. It is commonly coded semantically. If we need to retrieve information itn is recalled from here into the STM temporarily. Before the information it can be maintenanced rehearsed meaning that the information will never reach the LTM.
• Elaborative rehearsal

  Another limitation is that prolonged rehearsal is not needed to transfer information into the LTM, as it is about how much rehearsal we do according to the MSM. Craik and Watkins 1973 it is more about the type of rehearsal you do not the amount this is called elaborative rehearsal. This is where you link the thing you're wanting to learn with the existing knowledge you already have. This means that information can be transferred to the LTM without prolonged rehearsal. This suggests that the MSM does not explain fully how long term storage is achieved.
• Bygone Model

  Atkinson and Shiffrins based the MSM on research evidence available at the time which showed that the STM and LTM are independent from each other. But there is a lot of research for the LTM like the STM is not a single memory store. As we have one about the facts about the world and how to ride a bike. This shows that the MSM is an oversimplified model.
• limitation is that there is more than one STM store. Shallice and Warrington 1970 had a clinical memory disorder called amnesia. For them their STM when digits were read out allowed them and had to recall them. But when they read the digits themselves and recalled them their STM was much better. This showed that there could be another STM for non verbal sounds. The evidence suggested that the MSM is wrong for assuming there is only one STM store for processing different types of information.
• strength is that there is support from studies showing that the STM and LTM are independent from each other. This can be supported through the research of Alan Baddeley in 1966. This showed that acoustically similar is better in the STM, and semantically similar is better in the LTM. Also from other studies it is shown that the capacity and duration are also different. This clearly supports that the STM and LTM are different from one another and operate independently.