neutralisation reactions

• What types of bases are discussed in the video?

  Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates
• What do reactions between acids and bases form?

  Salt and water
• What is formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium oxide?

  Sodium chloride and water
• How do you balance the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium oxide?

  Combine sodium and chloride ions correctly
• What salt is formed when sulfuric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide?

  Potassium sulfate
• What additional product is formed when acids react with metal carbonates?

  Carbon dioxide
• What is the salt formed when nitric acid reacts with calcium carbonate?

  Calcium nitrate
• How do you determine the correct ratio of ions when forming calcium nitrate?

  By balancing the charges of calcium and nitrate
• What must be done to make soluble salts from insoluble bases?

  React an acid with an insoluble base
• What is the first step in making a soluble salt from an insoluble base?

  Place dilute acid in a beaker
• What happens when you add insoluble base to dilute acid?

  It disappears as it reacts
• How do you know when the acid has been neutralized?

  When excess base is no longer disappearing
• What is the next step after neutralizing the acid with excess base?

  Filter out the excess copper oxide
• What do you need to do to obtain pure solid crystals of copper chloride?

  Evaporate off some water gently
• What should you avoid when heating the solution to form crystals?

  Using a Bunsen burner directly
• What happens when the solution cools after evaporation?

  More crystals will form
• How do you dry the crystals after filtering?

  By dabbing with filter paper
• What is the general pattern for neutralization reactions between acids and bases?

  • Acid reacts with base
  • Forms salt and water
  • Negative ion from acid combines with positive ion from base
• What are the steps to make soluble salts from insoluble bases?

  1. Place dilute acid in a beaker
  2. Add insoluble base gradually
  3. Filter out excess base
  4. Evaporate water gently
  5. Cool to form crystals
  6. Dry the crystals