particle model and states of matter

• What are the three states of matter discussed in the video?

  Solid, liquid, and gas
• What model is used to explain the behavior of particles in different states of matter?

  Particle theory or kinetic theory
• How are particles in solids described in the particle theory?

  As small solid inelastic spheres
• What holds the particles in a solid together?

  Strong forces of attraction
• What structure do particles in solids form?

  A regular lattice structure
• What happens to the shape and volume of a solid?

  It keeps a definite shape and volume
• How do particles in solids move?

  They vibrate around fixed positions
• What occurs when a solid is heated?

  Particles gain energy and vibrate more
• What is the melting point?

  The temperature where solids melt into liquids
• What happens to particles at the melting point?

  They break free of their bonds
• How are particles arranged in liquids?

  Randomly, but fairly compact
• What allows liquids to flow?

  Weak forces of attraction between particles
• What happens when a liquid is heated?

  Particles gain energy and move faster
• What is the boiling point?

  The temperature where liquids boil into gases
• What happens to particles at the boiling point?

  They break bonds and become gas
• How do gas particles behave?

  They move freely and randomly
• What is meant by random motion in gases?

  Particles can travel in any direction
• What happens when a gas is heated?

  Particles gain energy and travel faster
• What occurs if the gas container is expandable when heated?

  The gas will expand
• What happens if the gas container is fixed when heated?

  The pressure will increase
• What happens when a gas is cooled down?

  Particles lose energy and bonds form
• What happens when a liquid is cooled down further?

  More bonds form, freezing it into solid
• What happens to mass in a closed system during state changes?

  Mass remains the same
• How does density vary among the states of matter?

  Solids are highest, gases are lowest
• What are the key characteristics of solids, liquids, and gases?

  • Solids:
  • Fixed shape and volume
  • Strong forces of attraction
  • Regular lattice structure
  • Liquids:
  • Definite volume, variable shape
  • Weak forces of attraction
  • Random arrangement
  • Gases:
  • No definite shape or volume
  • Very weak forces of attraction
  • Constant random motion
• What are the processes of changing states of matter?

  1. Melting: Solid to liquid at melting point
  2. Boiling: Liquid to gas at boiling point
  3. Condensing: Gas to liquid when cooled
  4. Freezing: Liquid to solid when cooled further