UTS MOD 5

• The Gonads (reproductive glands that produce the gametes; testis or ovary) begin to form until about the eighth week of embryonic development.
• Pseudohermaphrodites are formed who are individuals having accessory reproductive structures that do not “match” their gonads;
• Hermaphrodites are individuals who possess both ovarian and testicular tissues but this condition is rare in nature.
• Puberty is the period of life when the reproductive organs grow to their adult size and become functional under the influence of rising levels of gonadal hormones (testosterone

  in males and estrogen in females)
• Vaginal infections are more common in young and elderly women and in those whose resistance to diseases is low
• Escherichia coli which spread through the digestive tract; the sexually transmitted microorganisms such as syphilis, gonorrhea, and herpes virus; and yeast (a type of fungus)
• Painful or abnormal menses may also be due to infection or hormone imbalance.
• Tumors of the breast and cervix are the most common reproductive cancers in adult females.
• Orchiditis, or inflammation of the testes, can cause sterility and most commonly follows mumps in an adult male.
• Prostate cancer (a common sequel to prostatic hypertrophy) is a widespread problem in adult males.
• Aging men show a steady decline in testosterone secretion, their reproductive capability seems unending.
• Erogenous Zones refer to parts of the body that are primarily receptive and increase sexual arousal when touched in a sexual manner
• Commonly known erogenous zones are the mouth, breasts, genitals, and anus
• Human Sexual Behavior defined as any activity—solitary, between two persons, or in a group—that induces sexual arousal.
• Solitary Behavior leads to sexual arousal and generally,

  sexual climax; most self-gratification takes place in private as an end in itself.
• Sociosexual Behavior occurs between only one male and one female. It usually begins in childhood and may be motivated

  by curiosity, such as showing or examining genitalia.
• Excitement phase - there is increase in pulse and blood pressure, and skin temperature.
• Plateau phase - it is generally of brief duration. If stimulation is continued, orgasm usually occurs.
• Sexual climax - It is marked by a feeling of abrupt, intense pleasure.
• Resolution phase - It is the last stage that refers to the return to a normal or subnormal physiologic state.
• The hypothalamus and the limbic system are the parts of the brain believed to be responsible for regulating the sexual response.
• The lower spinal cord leads to erection and ejaculation

  for male, and vaginal discharges and lubrication for female when the genital and perineal areas are stimulated.
• Physiological problems - diseases that are due to abnormal development of the genitalia or that part of the neurophysiology controlling sexual response
• Psychological problems Caused by socially induced inhibitions, maladaptive attitudes, ignorance, and sexual myths held by society
• Premature emission of semen is a common problem, especially for young males
• Erectile impotence is almost always of psychological origin in males under 40; in older males, physical causes are more often involved
• Ejaculatory impotence - which results from the inability to ejaculate in coitus, is uncommon and is usually of psychogenic origin.
• Vaginismus - is a strong spasm of the pelvic musculature constricting the female reproductive organ so that penetration is painful or impossible.
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases - these are bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections transmitted from an infected person to

  an uninfected person through sexual contact.
• Coitus - the insertion of the male reproductive structure into the female reproductive organ