reactions with oxygen

• What is the focus of the study material?

  Reactions of elements with oxygen
• Which periods are primarily discussed in the study material?

  Periods two and three
• Which group does oxygen belong to?

  Group zero
• What is the reaction of lithium with oxygen?

  Lithium plus oxygen forms lithium oxide
• What is the balanced equation for lithium oxide formation?

  4Li + O₂ → 2Li₂O
• How do you determine the formula for lithium oxide?

  By figuring out oxidation states
• What is the oxidation state of lithium?

  Li⁺
• What is the oxidation state of oxygen?

  O^2-
• What is the balanced equation for magnesium oxide formation?

  2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
• What is the formula for magnesium oxide?

  MgO
• What is the formula for aluminium oxide?

  Al₂O₃
• Why is the formula for aluminium oxide Al₂O₃?

  Two Al³⁺ for every three O^2-
• What is the reaction of fluorine with oxygen?

  Fluorine plus oxygen forms oxygen difluoride
• What is the balanced equation for the formation of oxygen difluoride?

  2F₂ + O₂ → 2F₂O
• What are the properties of non-metal oxides?

  • Non-metal oxides are gases
  • Examples: carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide
  • They are simple molecules
• What are the properties of metal oxides?

  • Most are solids
  • Form giant ionic lattices
  • Some form giant covalent lattices (e.g., silicon dioxide)
• What happens when soluble metal oxides dissolve in water?

  They form alkaline solutions
• What is the reaction of sodium oxide with water?

  Sodium oxide plus water gives sodium hydroxide
• What happens when non-metal oxides dissolve in water?

  They form acidic solutions
• What is the reaction of carbon dioxide with water?

  Carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid
• What is the reaction of sulfur dioxide with water?

  Sulfur dioxide forms sulfurous acid
• What are the classifications of oxides based on their properties?

  • Non-metal oxides: gases, simple molecules
  • Metal oxides: solids, giant ionic lattices
  • Soluble metal oxides: form alkaline solutions
  • Non-metal oxides: form acidic solutions