Extraction of Metals and Reduction

• What is the process of gaining oxygen called?

  Oxidation
• What happens when magnesium combines with oxygen?

  It forms magnesium oxide through oxidation
• What does reduction refer to in chemical terms?

  Loss of oxygen from a substance
• If magnesium oxide is broken down into magnesium and oxygen, what process occurs?

  Reduction of magnesium oxide
• What is iron oxide commonly known as?

  Rust
• Why do most metals oxidize when exposed to oxygen?

  Oxygen is abundant in the atmosphere
• Which metal is often found as a pure metal due to its unreactivity?

  Gold
• What is the most common bonding element for metals?

  Oxygen
• What is the goal of reducing metal oxides?

  To obtain pure metals
• What is the cheapest way to reduce metal oxides?

  Using carbon
• What does carbon do in the reduction of metal oxides?

  It takes oxygen to form carbon dioxide
• What is the reaction of copper oxide with carbon?

  Copper plus carbon dioxide
• Why can't all metals be reduced using carbon?

  Only less reactive metals can be reduced
• What is required for the process of electrolysis?

  Loads of energy
• What is an iron ore?

  A metal-rich compound containing iron
• What is the most common iron ore?

  Fe₂O₃
• How do we isolate pure iron from iron oxide?

  By reducing iron oxide with carbon
• What is the balanced equation for reducing Fe₂O₃ with carbon?

  Fe₂O₃ + carbon → Fe + carbon dioxide
• What do we need to supply to reduce iron oxide?

  Some heat
• What happens to carbon during the reduction of metal oxides?

  Carbon is oxidized as it gains oxygen
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